百人一首 Please note the poems for which this list was made are ancient texts. Modern usage can differ very much, and some words will remain obscure. 余り あまり<あんまり adj-na, adv, n, n-suf, adv, n-suf (1) remainder (2) rest (3) balance (4) remains (5) scraps (6) residue (7) remnant (8) not very (with negative sentence) (9) not much (10) surplus (11) excess (12) fullness (13) too much (14) overjoyed (15) overwhelmed (16) more than (17) over 尚<猶 なお adv, conj (1) furthermore (2) still (3) yet (4) more (5) still more (6) greater (7) further (8) less 軒端 のきば n (1) eaves (2) edge of the eaves 荵 ニン, ジン<しのぶ S11 hare's foot fern 忍ぶ しのぶ v5b, vt (1) to conceal oneself (2) to hide (3) to endure 忍<荵 しのぶ n (1) Davallia mariesii (species of fern) (2) Lepisorus thunbergiana (species of fern) (3) color of clothing layers under one's overcoat (light green on blue) (4) ancient women's hairstyle (5) clothing patterned using the fern Davallia mariesii 敷 フ<し.く, しき, にゅう S15 spread, pave, sit, promulgate 百 ひゃく<もも num (1) 100 (2) hundred 故に ゆえに conj (1) therefore (2) consequently 故 ゆえ n-adv, n (1) reason (2) cause (3) circumstances 味気無し あぢきなし UnspecifiedHaruo Shirane (1) abnormal, unreasonable (2) meaningless, silly (3) unpleasant, woeful, unsatisfactory 味気ない<味気無い あじきない<あじけない adj-i (1) wearisome (2) insipid (3) irksome (4) wretched (5) vain おし UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins lovable, praiseworthy, excellent 恨めしい<怨めしい うらめしい adj-i (1) reproachful (2) hateful (3) bitter 惜しい おしい adj-i (1) regrettable (2) disappointing (3) precious (4) dear (5) valuable (6) too good for (7) deserving better (8) almost but not quite 惜し をし Unspecified (1) adorable, cute (2) difficult to leave behind, causing lingering attachment 印<標<徴<験 しるし n (1) mark (2) symbol (3) evidence 禊 みそぎ n, vs purification ceremony 夕暮れ<夕暮 ゆうぐれ n-adv, n (1) evening (2) (evening) twilight 小川 おがわ n (1) streamlet (2) brook 戦ぐ そよぐ v5g, vi (1) to rustle (2) to stir (3) to flutter 焦がれる こがれる v1 (1) to yearn for (2) to be in love with 藻塩草 もしおぐさ n (1) seaweed used in making salt (2) anthology 藻塩 もしお n salt from burning seaweed 焼く<灼く<妬く やく v5k, vt, v5k, vt, v5k, vi, v5k, vi (1) to bake (2) to grill (3) to develop (photos) (4) to suntan (5) to burn (in flames, down, CD, DVD, etc.) (6) to scorch (7) to be jealous (8) to be envious 凪 なぎ n (1) calm (2) lull 夕 セキ<ゆう, ゆ S3 evening 松帆の浦 まつほのうら old placename on Awaji Island Matsuhonoura (person name) 来る くる vk, vi, aux-v, vk, vi (1) to come (spatially or temporally) (2) to approach (3) to arrive (4) to come back (5) to do ... and come back (6) to come to be (7) to become (8) to get (9) to grow (10) to continue (11) to come from (12) to be caused by (13) to derive from (14) to come to (i.e. "when it comes to spinach ...") 躯<骸<身 むくろ n (1) (dead) body (2) corpse 逝く ゆく<いく v5k-s, vi (1) to die (2) to pass away 行く いく<ゆく v5k-s, vi, aux-v (1) to go (2) to proceed (3) to take place (4) to continue 不利 ふり adj-na, n (1) disadvantage (2) handicap (3) unfavorable (4) unfavourable (5) drawback 降り ふり n (1) rainfall (2) snowfall (3) alighting (4) descending ふりゆき UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins to advance in years, to go on getting old ならでは n-suf (1) but (2) except (3) without (4) but for 習う ならう v5u, vt to learn 倣う<傚う<慣らう ならう v5u, vi (1) to imitate (2) to follow (3) to emulate 庭 にわ n garden 誘う さそう<いざなう v5u, vt (1) to invite (2) to ask (3) to call (for) (4) to tempt (5) to lure (6) to induce 墨染めの衣 すみぞめのころも n priest's black robe 墨染め すみぞめ n (1) dying black (2) dyeing black (3) dyed black (4) dark 杣 <そま S7 timber, lumber, woodcutter, (kokuji) 立つ<発つ たつ v5t, vi, v5t, vi, v5t, vi (1) to stand (2) to rise (3) to stand up (4) to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position) (5) to depart (on a plane, train, etc.) 我が<我<吾が わが adj-pn (1) my (2) our (3) one's own かな<かなあ prt (1) I wonder (sentence ending prt) (2) should I? (question prt when thinking out loud) (3) is it? (4) I wish that (with a negative) (5) I hope that おほ UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins to preside over, preside over as protector 覆う<被う<掩う おおう v5u, vt (1) to cover (2) to hide (3) to conceal (4) to wrap (5) to disguise 民 たみ n (1) nation (2) people 浮き世<浮世<憂世 うきよ n (1) fleeting life (2) this transient world (3) sad world おほけ おおけ UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins unfit, unequal to 打つ うつ v5t (1) to hit (something inanimate) (2) to strike (3) to beat (on something) (4) to type (5) to tap (e.g. a key) (6) to inject (7) to indulge in gambling (8) to visit (on a pilgrimage) 衣 ころも n (1) clothes (2) garment (3) gown (4) robe (5) coating (e.g. glaze, batter, icing) 故郷<古里<旧里 ふるさと<こきょう<きゅうり n (1) home town (2) birthplace (3) old village (4) historic village (5) native place (6) one's old home 小夜 さよ n evening み UnspecifiedHaruo Shirane prefix indicates beauty or enhances cadence 吉野 よしの Yoshino (surname, place-name, female given name) かなし UnspecifiedHaruo Shirane adorable, lovable; charming, moving; painful, sad, regrettable; poor かなし UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins explained in Kakehash as equivalent to omoshiroi, pleasant, delicious etc. 悲しい<哀しい かなしい adj-i (1) sad (2) sorrowful 綱手 つなで n mooring rope 小舟<小船 こぶね n (1) boat (2) small craft 船を漕ぐ ふねをこぐ exp, v5g (1) to row a boat (2) to nod off (3) to doze off 漕ぐ こぐ v5g, vt (1) to row (2) to scull (3) to paddle (4) to pedal 渚 なぎさ n (1) water's edge (2) beach (3) shore がもな UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins desirable, pleasant もがも UnspecifiedHaruo Shirane desiderative: expresses a wish for a state of affairs impossible or unlikely to come about 常 つね n, adj-no usual state of things 常に つねに adv (1) always (2) constantly 間もない まもない exp after (practically) no time 乾く かわく v5k, vi to get dry 石 いし n (1) stone (2) gem (3) jewel 沖<澳 おき n open sea 潮干 しおひ n low tide 型式 かたしき<けいしき n (1) model (e.g. of a vehicle) (2) type 難し<堅し<固し<硬し かたし adj-f (1) difficult (2) hard かたしき UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins to sleep with the head on one's arm 衣 ころも n (1) clothes (2) garment (3) gown (4) robe (5) coating (e.g. glaze, batter, icing) 虫 むし n insect 寒し さむし UnspecifiedHaruo Shirane cold 筵<蓆<莚<席 むしろ<えん n (1) woven mat (esp. one made of straw) (2) seat 寒い さむい<さぶい adj-i cold (e.g. weather) 霜夜 しもよ n frosty night 螽斯<蟋蟀 きりぎりす<キリギリス n (1) Japanese katydid (Gampsocleis buergeri) (2) katydid (3) bush-cricket (Tettigoniidae) (4) long-horned grasshopper (5) cricket 競る せる v5r, vt (1) to compete (2) to bid (3) to sell at auction 浅蜊<蛤仔<鯏 あさり<アサリ n Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) 漁り あさり n (1) search (2) rummaging search (3) fishing 磯<礒 いそ n, adj-na (1) (rocky) beach (2) seashore 小島 おじま Ojima (surname, place-name) 小島 こじま n (1) small island (2) islet 松島 まつしま Matsushima (surname, place-name) よわり UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins end, termination 弱り込む よわりこむ v5m (1) to weaken (2) to be at wits' end 流す ながす v5s, vt (1) to drain (2) to pour (3) to spill (4) to shed (blood, tears) (5) to wash away (6) to distribute (e.g. electricity over wires, music over a PA system, etc.) (7) to circulate (8) to broadcast (9) to beam (10) to cruise (e.g. taxi) (11) to float (12) to set adrift 絶える<断える たえる v1, vi (1) to die out (2) to peter out (3) to become extinct (4) to cease (5) to be stopped (6) to be discontinued (7) to be cut off 余<予 よ n, suf, n (1) over (2) more than (3) formal or oratory first person pronoun (4) I 玉 たま n, n-suf, n, n (1) ball (2) sphere (3) coin (4) jewel (5) pearl (6) testicles (7) staple (for a stapler) (8) person (when commenting on their nature) (9) character 玉の緒 たまのお n (1) bead string (2) thread of life 可き べき aux (1) should (suf. to verbs) (2) must 渡る<亘る<渉る<亙る わたる v5r, vi (1) to cross over (2) to go across (3) to extend (4) to cover (5) to range (6) to span 故 ゆえ n-adv, n (1) reason (2) cause (3) circumstances 節 よ n space between two nodes (on bamboo, etc.) 一夜 いちや<ひとや<ひとよ n-adv, n-t (1) one night (2) all night (3) overnight (4) one evening 刈り根 かりね n stubble 仮寝 かりね n, vs (1) siesta (2) nap (3) catnap (4) stopping at an inn 葦<蘆<葭<芦 あし<よし<アシ<ヨシ n common reed (Phragmites australis) 難波江 なにわえ Naniwae (surname) 夕暮れ<夕暮 ゆうぐれ n-adv, n (1) evening (2) (evening) twilight 立ち上る<立ちのぼる たちのぼる v5r, vi (1) to go up (2) to rise up 霧 きり n (1) fog (2) mist 槙<真木<槇 まき<マキ n yew plum pine (Podocarpus macrophyllus) 干る ひる v1, vi to dry 露 ロ, ロウ<つゆ, や, ゆ S21 dew, tears, expose, Russia 叢雨<村雨<群雨 むらさめ n passing shower 顔 かお n face (person) 託つ かこつ v5t, vtto lament, be inwardly sad (1) to complain about (2) to grumble (3) to make an excuse for 思わせる おもわせる v1 (1) to make somebody believe (something) (2) to give somebody the impression とて prt (1) even (2) even if (3) even though 嘆く<歎く なげく v5k, vi (1) to sigh (2) to lament (3) to grieve さへ UnspecifiedHaruo Shirane on top of that つれなく UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins expressive of a countenance full of grief, angry and sad つらなく UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins to penetrate among, perforate つれない adj-i (1) cold (2) indifferent (3) unfriendly (4) unsympathetic (5) unkind 隙<透き すき<げき<ひま<すきけ n (1) gap (2) space (3) break (4) interlude (5) interval (6) chink (in one's armor, armour) (7) chance (8) opportunity (9) breach (of a relationship between people) 閨<寝屋 ねや n (1) sleeping quarters (2) bedroom (mainly refers to one used by a married couple) (3) inner room (4) inner sanctum 明けやらぬ あけやらぬ adj-f (1) still dark (2) not yet dawn 夜もすがら<終夜 よもすがら adv all night あけやらで UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins neg. participial form of ake-yaru, 'to become daylight' 恋しがる こいしがる v5r (1) to yearn for (2) to miss 世 せい ctr, n, n-suf (1) counter for generations (2) (geological) epoch 見して みして exp show me 憂 ユウ<うれ.える, うれ.い, う.い, う.き, ゆ S15 melancholy, grieve, lament, be anxious, sad, unhappy 偲ぶ しのぶ v5b, vt (1) to recollect (2) to remember 又<亦<復 また adv, conj, pref (1) again (2) and (3) also (4) still (doing something) 頃 ころ<ごろ n, n-adv, n-suftime, period (1) (approximate) time (2) around (3) about (4) toward (5) suitable time (or condition) (6) time of year (7) season 永らえる<長らえる ながらえる v1, vi (1) to have a long life (2) to live a long time 奥 おく n (1) interior (2) inner part (3) inside 泣く<哭く なく v5k (1) to cry (2) to weep (3) to sob (4) to howl 鳴く<啼く なく v5k (1) to sing (bird) (2) to bark (3) to purr (4) to make sound (animal) なけれ UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins do not, is not 道<途<路<径 みち n (1) road (2) street (3) way (4) path (5) course (6) route (7) lane (8) distance (9) ways (e.g. "a long ways") (10) the way (of proper conduct, etc.) (11) one's way (12) morals (13) teachings (esp. Confucian or Buddhist) (14) dogma (15) field (of medicine, etc.) (16) subject (17) way (18) method (19) means よ prt, int (1) (at sentence end) indicates indicates certainty, emphasis, contempt, request, etc. (2) (after a noun) used when calling out to someone (3) (in mid-sentence) used to catch one's breath or get someone's attention (4) yo! 世の中 よのなか n (1) society (2) the world (3) the times 涙<泪<涕 なみだ n (1) tear (2) tears (3) lachrymal secretion (4) sympathy 堪へる たへる v1, vi, vt (1) to bear (2) to stand (3) to endure (4) to put up with 憂き目<憂目 うきめ n (1) bitter experience (2) misery (3) distress (4) grief (5) sad thoughts (6) hardship 憂哭 うきね n sobbing 偖<扨<扠 さて conj, int (1) well (2) now (3) then 扨も さても int wow 侘しい<侘びしい<佗しい わびしい adj-i (1) miserable (2) wretched (3) lonely (4) dreary (5) shabby (6) comfortless 侘び<侘<佗<佗び わび n (1) the beauty to be found in poverty and simplicity (2) subdued taste (3) quiet refinement (4) sober refinement (5) wabi 詫び わび n (1) apology (2) excuse 残る<遺る のこる v5r, vi (1) to remain (2) to be left 有り明け ありあけ n (1) dawn or daybreak (with the moon still visible) (2) all night 唯<只 ただ adj-f, adv, conj (1) sole (2) only (3) mere (4) usual (5) common (6) free of charge (7) but (8) nevertheless 眺める ながめる v1, vt (1) to view (2) to gaze at ながむる UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins to glance at, take a look at 方 かた n, n, n-suf, n-suf, n-suf, n-suf (1) direction (2) way (3) person (4) lady (5) gentleman (6) method of (7) manner of (8) way of (9) care of .. (10) person in charge of .. (11) side (e.g. "on my mother's side") 鳴き声 なきごえ n, vs (1) cry (esp. animal) (2) roar 鳴く<啼く なく v5k (1) to sing (bird) (2) to bark (3) to purr (4) to make sound (animal) なきつる UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins old form of naku 時鳥<子規<不如帰<杜鵑<霍公鳥<蜀魂<沓手鳥<杜宇<田鵑<沓直鳥<郭公 ほととぎす<しき<ふじょき<とけん<しょっこん<くつてどり<とう n lesser cuckoo (Cuculus poliocephalus) 後徳大寺左大臣 ごとくだいじのさだいじん Gotokudaijinosadaijin (person name) 今朝 けさ<こんちょう n-t this morning 乱れる みだれる v1, vi (1) to get confused (2) to be disordered (3) to be disturbed 黒髪 くろかみ<こくはつ n black hair 知らず しらず n-suf (1) not having (2) unaffected by 望 ぼう<もち n (1) full moon (2) 15th day of the lunar month 餅搗き<餅つき もちつき n pounding mochi 然 さ adv (1) so (2) like that (3) in that way さ suf, prt, int (1) -ness (nominalizing suffix indicating degree or condition) (2) (sentence end, mainly masc.) indicates assertion (3) come (4) come now 朝焼け あさやけ n (1) morning glow (2) sunrise colors (3) sunrise colours 明か<清か さやか adj-na (1) clear (2) fresh (3) bright 影 かげ n (1) shadow (2) silhouette (3) reflection (4) image (5) presence (6) sign (7) light (stars, moon) 漏れる<洩れる もれる v1, vi (1) to leak out (2) to escape (3) to come through (4) to shine through (5) to filter out (6) to be omitted より adv, prt (1) from (2) out of (3) since (4) than (5) other than (6) more (7) more than 絶える<断える たえる v1, vi (1) to die out (2) to peter out (3) to become extinct (4) to cease (5) to be stopped (6) to be discontinued (7) to be cut off 絶え間 たえま n (1) interval (2) gap 雲 くも n cloud 棚引く たなびく v5k (1) to linger (2) to hover above (3) to trail (4) to hang (lie) over 餅搗き<餅つき もちつき n pounding mochi 千鳥足 ちどりあし n (1) tottering steps (2) drunken staggering 寝覚める<寝醒める ねざめる v1 to wake up 幾夜 いくよ n number of nights 鳴く<啼く なく v5k (1) to sing (bird) (2) to bark (3) to purr (4) to make sound (animal) 千鳥<鵆 ちどり<チドリ n plover 通う かよう v5u, vi (1) to go back and forth (2) to ply between (3) to commute (4) to attend (school, church, etc.) 歌謡 かよう n (1) song (2) ballad 佳容 かよう n comely face 関守町 せきもりちょう Sekimorichou (place-name) 関守 せきもり Sekimori (surname, place-name) 関守 せきもり n barrier keeper 須磨 すま Suma (surname, place-name, female given name) 淡路島 あわじしま n Awaji Island (Hyogo) 会う<逢う<遭う<遇う あう v5u, vi (1) to meet (2) to encounter (3) to have an accident (4) to have a bad experience 逢瀬 おうせ n (1) rendezvous (2) tryst (3) (lover's) meeting (4) (secret) date 末 すえ n-adv, n-t (1) end (2) close (3) future (4) finally (5) tip (6) top (7) trivialities (8) posterity (9) youngest child 割れる われる v1, vi (1) to break (2) to be smashed (3) to split (4) to crack (5) to fissure (6) to be torn (7) to be divided (8) to cleave (9) to come to light 滝川 たきがわ n rapids 急かす せかす v5s (1) to hurry (2) to urge on 岩<巌<磐 いわ<いわお n (1) rock (2) crag 早瀬 はやせ n (1) swift current (2) rapids 急かせる せかせる v1, vt to hurry up はやむ UnspecifiedF.V. Dickins to quicken 瀬 せ n (1) current (2) torrent (3) rapids (4) shallows (5) shoal 白波<白浪 しらなみ n (1) whitecaps (2) white-crested waves (3) thief 沖 チュウ<おき, おきつ, ちゅう.する, わく S7 open sea, offing, rise high into sky 紛う まがう v5u (1) to be mistaken for (2) to be confused with 雲居<雲井 くもい n (1) sky (2) cloud (3) distant place (4) high place (5) imperial court 久方振り ひさかたぶり adj-na, n (1) long time (2) many days 久方 ひさかた n (1) sky (2) moon 漕ぎ出す こぎだす v5s, vt to begin rowing 海 うみ<み<わた<わだ n (1) sea (2) beach 関白 かんぱく n chief advisor to the Emperor (adviser) めり UnspecifiedHaruo Shirane auxiliary indicating 1. supposition based on visual evidence: it appears that. 2. circumlocution, indirection: it would seem that 往ぬ<去ぬ いぬ vn, v5n (1) to go (2) to pass (of time) (3) to die (4) to go bad (5) to rot (6) to go home 今年 ことし<こんねん n-adv, n-t this year 哀れ<憐れ<憫れ あわれ n, adj-na, int (1) pity (2) sorrow (3) grief (4) misery (5) compassion (6) pathos (7) pitiable (8) pitiful (9) pathetic (10) miserable (11) alack (12) alas 命 いのち n (mortal) life 命 メイ, ミョウ<いのち S8 fate, command, decree, destiny, life, appoint 露 つゆ adv, n dew 具す ぐす Unspecified (1) tr.: to bring someone or something, to prepare, outfit oneself, to attach (2) intr.: to go with someone, follow; to be included, provided; to accompany, become a wife to 然しも さしも Expressions (phrases, clauses, etc.) that much, to that extent させも Noun (1) さしも草、よもぎ、あさぎりそう (2) mugwort, artemisia 朝霧草 あさぎりそう n silvermound artemisia 起きる おきる v1, vi (1) to get up (2) to rise (3) to wake up (4) to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents) (5) to happen (6) to take place 契り ちぎり n (1) pledge (2) vow (3) promise (4) destiny (5) share bed and board 激しい風<烈しい風 はげしいかぜ n strong wind 祈る<祷る いのる v5r, vi (1) to pray (2) to wish 祈り<祷り いのり n (1) prayer (2) supplication 激しい<劇しい<烈しい はげしい adj-i (1) violent (2) vehement (3) intense (4) furious (5) tempestuous 然れば しかれば<されば conj, int (1) that being the case (2) therefore (3) so (4) well then, moving on to another topic... (5) (expressing surprise) ...on earth? (6) that's right よ prt, int (1) (at sentence end) indicates indicates certainty, emphasis, contempt, request, etc. (2) (after a noun) used when calling out to someone (3) (in mid-sentence) used to catch one's breath or get someone's attention (4) yo! 颪 おろし n wind blowing down from mountains 憂かりける うかりける Unspecifiedgruesome to be unsteady, inconstant (F.V. Dickins) 憂 ユウ<うれ.える, うれ.い, う.い, う.き, ゆ S15 melancholy, grieve, lament, be anxious, sad, unhappy あら int (1) oh (2) ah 立たす たたす v5s, vi (1) to help a person stand (2) to get someone to their feet (3) to raise (4) to rouse 霞<翳み<翳 かすみ n (1) mist (2) haze (3) dimness (of sight) 咲 ショウ<さ.く, さ, さき S9 blossom, bloom 上 うえ n, adj-no, n-adv, n-suf, n-suf (1) above (2) up (3) over (4) top (5) summit (6) surface (7) on (8) before (9) previous (10) superiority (11) one's superior (i.e. one's elder) (12) on top of that (13) besides (14) what's more (15) upon (further inspection, etc.) (16) based on (and occurring after) (17) matters concerning... (18) as concerns ... (19) since (i.e. "for that reason") (20) suffix indicating higher social standing (21) place of one's superior (i.e. the throne) (22) emperor (23) sovereign (24) shogun (25) daimyo (26) noblewoman (esp. the wife of a nobleman) 尾 お n (1) tail (2) ridge 高砂 たかさご Takasago (surname, place-name) 有磯 ありそう Arisou (surname) 画する<劃する かくする vs-s (1) to draw (a line) (2) to demarcate (3) to mark (4) to divide (5) to map out (6) to plan 濡れる ぬれる v1, vi to get wet 掛ける<懸ける かける v1, vt, aux-v, v1, aux-vhere the meanings 'to catch' and 'to meet' are relevant (1) to hang (e.g. picture) (2) to hoist (e.g. sail) (3) to raise (e.g. flag) (4) to sit (5) to be partway (verb) (6) to begin (but not complete) (7) to take (time, money) (8) to expend (money, time, etc.) (9) to make (a call) (10) to multiply (11) to secure (e.g. lock) (12) to put on (glasses, etc.) (13) to cover (14) to burden someone (15) to apply (insurance) (16) to turn on (an engine, etc.) (17) to set (a dial, an alarm clock, etc.) (18) to put an effect (spell, anaesthetic, etc.) on (19) to hold an emotion for (pity, hope, etc.) (20) to bind (21) to pour (or sprinkle, spray, etc.) onto (22) to argue (in court) (23) to deliberate (in a meeting) (24) to present (e.g. idea to a conference, etc.) (25) to increase further (26) to catch (in a trap, etc.) (27) to set atop (28) to erect (a makeshift building) (29) to hold (a play, festival, etc.) (30) (after -masu stem of verb) indicates (verb) is being directed to (someone) 徒 あだ UnspecifiedHaruo Shirane Dictionary (1) fleeting, transient (2) untrue, inconstant (3) empty, pointless, unprofitable あだ浪 あだなみ NounF.V. Dickins (1) a roller or vast wave breaking on the shore, tide at the turn (2) a vain inconstant man equal to 'womanish, weak, changeable' 徒 あだ adj-na, nfickle (1) vain (2) futile (3) transient (4) frivolous 浜 はま n (1) beach (2) seashore 高師 たかし Takashi (surname, place-name, given name) 高 たか<だか n, n-suf (1) quantity (2) amount (3) volume (4) number (5) amount of money 高潮 こうちょう<たかしお n, vs (1) surge (2) high tide (3) flood tide 音に聞く おとにきく exp (1) to be widely known (2) to be famous 丸い<円い まるい<まろい adj-i (1) round (2) circular (3) spherical (4) harmonious (5) calm 麿<麻呂 まろ n, suf (1) I (2) (person having) thin or shaved eyebrows (3) affectionate suffix for names of young men or pets 円やか まろやか adj-na, n (1) round (2) circular (3) spherical (4) mild (taste) 葦<蘆<葭<芦 あし<よし<アシ<ヨシ n common reed (Phragmites australis) 芦 あし NounF.V. Dickins phalaris arundinacea, reed canary grass あし UnspecifiedHaruo Shirane Dictionary (1) bad, evil (2) unpleasant (3) sick, ill (4) rough, inclement (weather, character) (5) unskilled, clumsy (6) ugly, unsightly (7) poor (economically), lowly (social status) 足<脚<肢 あし n (1) foot (2) leg (3) gait (4) pace (5) bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji (6) means of transportation 訪れ おとずれ n (1) visit (2) call (3) advent (4) arrival 訪れる おとずれる v1, vi to visit 落とす<落す おとす v5s, vt (1) to drop (2) to lose (3) to let fall (4) to download 葉 は n leaf 稲 いね n rice-plant 門 かど<もん n, n-suf, ctr (1) gate (2) branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master (3) (biological) division (4) counter for cannons 夕 セキ<ゆう, ゆ S3 evening 夕暮れ<夕暮 ゆうぐれ n-adv, n (1) evening (2) (evening) twilight 何処<何所 どこ<いずこ<いずく<いどこ n (1) where (2) what place ながむ UnspecifiedClassical Japanes Reader and Essential Dictionary (1) to gaze out across a distance, look off into the distance (2) to become lost in melancholy thoughts (3) to recite a poem aloud, chant a poem (4) to compose a poem ながむる UnspecifiedF. V. Dickins to glance at, to take a look at 宿 シュク<やど, やど.る, やど.す, すく, ぶすき, やけ S11 inn, lodging, relay station, dwell, lodge, be pregnant, home, dwelling 宿 やど n (1) inn (2) lodging 葉 よう suf, ctr (1) counter for leaves, pieces of paper, etc. (2) counter for boats 葉 は n leaf 夜半 やはん<よわ n-adv, n-t (1) midnight (2) dead of night 可き べき aux (1) should (suf. to verbs) (2) must 恋しがる こいしがる v5r (1) to yearn for (2) to miss 永らえる<長らえる ながらえる v1, vi (1) to have a long life (2) to live a long time 乍ら ながら prt (1) while (2) during (3) as (4) while (5) although (6) though (7) despite (8) in spite of (9) notwithstanding (10) all (11) both (12) as (i.e. "as always", "as long ago") (13) in (i.e. "in tears") 浮世絵 うきよえ n ukiyoe (color print of everyday life in the Edo period) (colour) 浮き世<浮世<憂世 うきよ n (1) fleeting life (2) this transient world (3) sad world 心 こころ nhere also possibly: will, intention, feeling, nature of things (1) mind (2) heart (3) spirit 心にも無い<心にもない こころにもない exp (1) (something) one does not really mean (2) insincere 立たす たたす v5s, vi (1) to help a person stand (2) to get someone to their feet (3) to raise (4) to rouse 甲斐無し かいなし adj-f (1) worthless (2) useless (3) hopeless 腕<肱 かいな n, ctr (1) arm (esp. upper arm) (2) counter used to measure the thickness of round objects 手枕 てまくら n using one's arm for a pillow 夢 ゆめ n dream 梨 なし n (1) nashi (2) Japanese pear (3) Pyrus serotina 無し なし n, n-suf without 知る由もない しるよしもない exp (1) to have no way of knowing (2) to be completely ignorant of 外に<他に ほかに adv (1) in addition (2) besides より adv, prt (1) from (2) out of (3) since (4) than (5) other than (6) more (7) more than 花より団子 はなよりだんご exp (1) dumplings rather than flowers (2) people are more interested in the practical over the aesthetic 山桜 やまざくら n (1) mountain cherry (2) Prunus donarium, var. spontanea or Prunus jamasakura 思える おもえる v1 (1) to seem (2) to appear likely 哀れむ あわれむ v5m, vt (1) to commiserate (2) to pity (3) to have mercy on (4) to sympathize with (5) to sympathise with 哀れ<憐れ<憫れ あわれ n, adj-na, intin classical Japanese also: lonely, lovely, deeply moving (1) pity (2) sorrow (3) grief (4) misery (5) compassion (6) pathos (7) pitiable (8) pitiful (9) pathetic (10) miserable (11) alack (12) alas 諸共 もろとも n-adv, n-t (all) together なこそ Unspecifiedassumed meaning that is no longer forthcoming, not in existence 塚 つか n mound 錦 にしき n brocade 惜しい おしい adj-i (1) regrettable (2) disappointing (3) precious (4) dear (5) valuable (6) too good for (7) deserving better (8) almost but not quite なむ なん Unspecifiedclassical Japanese (1) indeed, of all things (2) emphatic (3) used to express a wish or desire 朽ちる くちる v1, vi to rot だに prt even 袖 そで n sleeve 干す<乾す ほす v5s, vt (1) to air (2) to dry (3) to desiccate (4) to drain (off) (5) to drink up (6) to deprive of a role, job, etc. (usu. in the passive) 詫び わび n (1) apology (2) excuse 網代木 あじろぎ Noun wicker (split bamboo) fish-trap 網代 あじろ nlike baskets for fishing, fishing weirs wickerwork 瀬々 ぜぜ Zeze (surname) 膳所 ぜぜ Zeze (surname, place-name) 渡る<亘る<渉る<亙る わたる v5r, vi (1) to cross over (2) to go across (3) to extend (4) to cover (5) to range (6) to span 現れる<現われる<表れる<表われる<顕われる あらわれる v1, vi (1) to appear (2) to come in sight (3) to become visible (4) to come out (5) to embody (6) to materialize (7) to materialise (8) to be expressed (e.g. emotions) (9) to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects) たえだえに Expressions (phrases, clauses, etc.)F.V. Dickins: by openings here and there in fits and starts, spasmodically, on and off 絶え絶え たえだえ adj-na, n (1) feeble (2) faint 川霧 かわぎり n river mist 止し よし n (1) quitting (2) ceasing (3) giving up 善し<良し よし n (1) good (2) all right! (3) OK! (4) well (5) so (6) good (in moral judgement only) (judgment) 捨てる<棄てる すてる v1, vt (1) to throw away (2) to cast aside (3) to abandon (4) to resign (5) to break up with (someone) 済む すむ v5m, vi (1) to finish (2) to end (3) to be completed (4) to merely result in something less severe than expected (5) to feel at ease (6) (neg) to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone (7) to be sorry 許り<許 ばかり<ばっかり<ばっか prt (1) approximately (2) about (3) only (4) merely (5) nothing but (6) (after the -ta form of a verb) just (finished, etc.) 絶え入る たえいる v5r, vi to expire 絶える<断える たえる v1, vi (1) to die out (2) to peter out (3) to become extinct (4) to cease (5) to be stopped (6) to be discontinued (7) to be cut off 思いとどまる<思い止まる<思い止どまる おもいとどまる v5r, vt (1) to give up (a plan or idea) (2) to desist from (doing) 唯<只 ただ adj-f, adv, conj (1) sole (2) only (3) mere (4) usual (5) common (6) free of charge (7) but (8) nevertheless じ Unspecifiedclassical Japanese (1) negative auxiliary verb ending, negative spec. with regard to someone else's possible actions or intentions, usually in the third person (2) neg. intent. in the first person 些事<瑣事 さじ n (1) something small or petty (2) trifle 許す<赦す<聴す ゆるす v5s, vt (1) to permit (2) to allow (3) to approve (4) to exempt (from fine) (5) to excuse (from) (6) to pardon (7) to forgive (8) to release (9) to let off (10) to confide in (11) to give up (12) to yield よに Adverb (1) verily, truely (2) (followed by negative) (not) at all, absolutely (not) 供<伴<侶 とも n, vs (1) companion (2) follower (3) attendant (4) retinue 図る<謀る はかる v5r, vt (1) to plot (2) to attempt (3) to plan (4) to devise (5) to design (6) to take in (7) to deceive (8) to aim for (9) to have something in mind (10) to refer A to B 空音 そらね n (1) imitated cry (of an animal) (2) lie 鳥<禽 とり n (1) bird (2) bird meat (esp. chicken meat) (3) fowl (4) poultry 込む<混む<籠む こむ v5m, vi, aux-v (1) to be crowded (2) to be packed (3) to be complex (4) to go into (5) to put into (6) to remain (seated) (7) to be plunged into (silence) (8) to do thoroughly (9) to do intently (10) to continue in the same state 清少納言 せいしょうなごん Sei ShonagonPoet of the Heian period, included in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu (full name of a particular person) 塗る ぬる v5r, vt (1) to paint (2) to plaster (3) to lacquer (4) to varnish (5) to spread (6) to smear 匂い<臭い におい n (1) odour (2) odor (3) scent (4) smell (5) stench (6) aura (7) whiff (8) smacks of ... (9) sense (10) flavour (11) flavor 九重 ここのえ n (1) ninefold (2) imperial palace (3) the Court 八重桜 やえざくら ncherry blossoms with more than five petals (1) double-flowered cherry tree (2) double cherry blossoms 都<京 みやこ n (1) capital (2) metropolis 奈良 なら Nara (surname, place-name, female given name) 古<古え いにしえ n (1) antiquity (2) ancient times 往にし いにし adj-pn (1) olden-day (2) hidden in the past 立 リツ, リュウ, リットル<た.つ, た.ち-, た.てる, た.て-, たて-, たち, たっ, たつ, だて, つい S5 stand up 橋 はし n bridge 天 てん<あめ<あま n (1) sky (2) heaven (3) svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth) (4) deva (divine being of Buddhism) 天の橋立 あまのはしだて place name, Bridge of Heaven Amanohashidate (person name) 見す見す みすみす adv (1) before one's own eyes (2) from under one's very nose 踏む<履む<践む ふむ v5m, vt (1) to step on (2) to tread on (3) to experience (4) to undergo (5) to estimate (6) to value (7) to appraise (8) to rhyme (9) to inherit (the throne, etc.) (10) to follow (rules, morals, principles, etc.) 文 ふみ n (1) letter (2) writings 遠く とおく adj-no, n-adv, n (1) far away (2) distant (3) at a distance (4) distant place (5) by far 遠 とお adj-no distant 生野 いかの Ikano (place-name) 生野 いくの Ikuno (surname, place-name, female given name) 幾野 いくの Ikuno (surname, place-name, female given name) 道 どう n (1) road (2) way (3) Buddhist teachings (4) Taoism (5) modern administrative region of Japan (Hokkaido) (6) historical administrative region of Japan (Tokaido, Tosando, etc.) (7) province (Tang-era administrative region of China) (8) province (modern administrative region of Korea) 野 の<や<ぬ n, n-pref (1) plain (2) field (3) hidden (structural) member (4) wild (5) lacking a political post 大江山 おおえやま Ooeyama (surname) 内侍 ないし<ないじ n (1) maid of honor (2) maid of honour 小式部 こきしぶ KoshikibuPoet of the Heian period, included in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu (full name of a particular person) 傾く かたむく<かたぶく v5k (1) to incline toward (2) to slant (3) to lurch (4) to heel over (5) to be disposed to (6) to trend toward (7) to be prone to (8) to go down (sun) (9) to wane (10) to sink (11) to decline 小夜更けて さよふけて Expressions (phrases, clauses, etc.) late in the evening 小夜 さよ n evening 寝る<寐る ねる v1, vi (1) to lie down (2) to go to bed (3) to lie in bed (4) to sleep (lying down) (5) to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse) (6) to lie idle 安らう<休らう やすらう v5uF.V. Dickins: to wait and meet (a person), to wait for (1) to rest (2) to relax いでそよ Unspecifieddefinition by F.V. Dickins one who matches with, is comparable to 忘る わする v5r to lose something 忘れる わすれる v1, vt (1) to forget (2) to leave carelessly (3) to be forgetful of (4) to forget about (5) to forget (an article) 笹原 ささはら n field of bamboo grass 影 かげ n (1) shadow (2) silhouette (3) reflection (4) image (5) presence (6) sign (7) light (stars, moon) 夜半 やはん<よわ n-adv, n-t (1) midnight (2) dead of night 詩 し n (1) poem (2) verse of poetry 隠れ かくれ n, pref (1) hidden (2) underground (3) crypto 雲隠れ くもがくれ n, vsF.V. Dickins: cloud-darkening disappearance 真 ま n, pref (1) just (2) right (3) due (east) (4) pure (5) genuine (6) true 間に あいだに adv (1) while (2) during (the time when) 分かる<解る<判る<分る わかる v5r, videfinition from F.V. Dickins: to group, encircle (1) to be understood (2) to be comprehended (3) to be grasped (4) to become clear (5) to be known (6) to be discovered (7) to be realized (8) to be realised (9) to be found out 和歌 わか n 31 syllable poem 若<稚 わか n, n-pref, n-suf (1) youth (2) child (esp. of the young son of someone of high social standing) (3) young (4) new 供<伴<侶 とも n, vs (1) companion (2) follower (3) attendant (4) retinue 其れ共 それとも conj (1) or (2) or else とも suf, prt (1) certainly (2) of course (3) to be sure (4) rather (5) even if (6) no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how) (7) at the (least, earliest, etc.) 其れ それ n (1) that (indicating an item or person near the listener, the action of the listener, or something on their mind) (2) it (3) that time (4) then (5) there (indicating a place near the listener) (6) you 視野 しや n (1) field of vision (2) outlook や prt, int, aux (1) such things as (non-exhaustive list related to a specific time and place) (2) and ... and (3) (after the dictionary form of a verb) the minute (that) ... (4) no sooner than ... (5) punctuational exclamation in haiku, renga, etc. (6) plain copula 相手 あいて n (1) companion (2) partner (3) company (4) other party (5) addressee (6) opponent (sports, etc.) 会う<逢う<遭う<遇う あう v5u, vi (1) to meet (2) to encounter (3) to have an accident (4) to have a bad experience 巡り会う<巡り合う<巡り逢う めぐりあう v5uF.V. Dickins: to go out and look for some one (1) to meet fortuitously (poet) (2) to meet by chance (3) to happen across 巡り<廻り めぐり n (1) circumference (2) girth (3) tour (4) pilgrimage (5) circulation (e.g. of blood) 思い出<想い出 おもいで n (1) memories (2) recollections (3) reminiscence 外<他 ほか Adjective (i) (1) other (esp. places and things) (2) the rest この世を去る このよをさる exp (1) to leave this world (2) to die この世 このよ Adjective (i) (1) this world (2) the present life 荒らす<荒す あらす Godan verb with `su' ending (1) to lay waste (2) to devastate (3) to damage (4) to invade (5) to break into (6) to troll (e.g. web forums) (7) to spam 聞こえ きこえ n (1) reputation (2) fame (3) renown 尚<猶 なお adv, conj (1) furthermore (2) still (3) yet (4) more (5) still more (6) greater (7) further (8) less 流れる ながれる v1, vi (1) to stream (2) to flow (liquid, time, etc.) (3) to run (ink) (4) to be washed away 流れ ながれ n (1) stream (2) current (3) flow こそ prt for sure (emphasize preceding word) 名 な n (1) name (2) reputation 濡れる ぬれる v1, vi to get wet 形<態 なり n, adj-no (1) style (2) way (3) shape (4) form (5) appearance (6) state 鳴り なり n (1) ringing (2) sound 久しく ひさしく n for a long time 絶える<断える たえる Ichidan verb (1) to die out (2) to peter out (3) to become extinct (4) to cease (5) to be stopped (6) to be discontinued (7) to be cut off 滝 たき n (1) waterfall (2) rapids とも suf, prt (1) certainly (2) of course (3) to be sure (4) rather (5) even if (6) no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how) (7) at the (least, earliest, etc.) 限る かぎる v5r, vi (1) to restrict (2) to limit (3) to confine 難 ナン<かた.い, むずか.しい, むづか.しい, むつか.しい, な, なに S18 difficult, impossible, trouble, accident, defect 行末<行く末 ぎょうまつ<ゆくすえ n-adv, n-t (1) fate (2) one's future (3) end of (text) line (4) line terminator 忘れる わすれる Ichidan verb (1) to forget (2) to leave carelessly (3) to be forgetful of (4) to forget about (5) to forget (an article) 知る<識る しる v5r, vt (1) to know (2) to understand (3) to be acquainted with (4) to feel 久しく ひさしく n for a long time 久しい ひさしい adj-i (1) long (2) long-continued (3) old (story) 如何に いかに adv, int (1) how? (2) in what way? (3) how much? (4) however (5) whatever 間 ま n (1) space (2) room (3) time (4) pause 明くる<翌る あくる adj-pn (1) next (2) following 夜 よる<よ n-adv, n-t (1) evening (2) night 寝る<寐る ねる Ichidan verb (1) to lie down (2) to go to bed (3) to lie in bed (4) to sleep (lying down) (5) to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse) (6) to lie idle 嘆き<歎き なげき n (1) grief (2) lamentation 恨めしい<怨めしい うらめしい adj-i (1) reproachful (2) hateful (3) bitter 尚<猶 なお adv, conj (1) furthermore (2) still (3) yet (4) more (5) still more (6) greater (7) further (8) less 乍ら ながら prt (1) while (2) during (3) as (4) while (5) although (6) though (7) despite (8) in spite of (9) notwithstanding (10) all (11) both (12) as (i.e. "as always", "as long ago") (13) in (i.e. "in tears") 知り抜く しりぬく v5k, vt to know thoroughly くるる Unspecified from F. V. Dickins' vocabulary list for the Hyakunin Isshu to darken, become evening 暮れる<眩れる<暗れる くれる v1, vi (1) to get dark (2) to end (3) to come to an end (4) to close (5) to run out 来る くる vk, vi, aux-v, vk, vi (1) to come (spatially or temporally) (2) to approach (3) to arrive (4) to come back (5) to do ... and come back (6) to come to be (7) to become (8) to get (9) to grow (10) to continue (11) to come from (12) to be caused by (13) to derive from (14) to come to (i.e. "when it comes to spinach ...") 暮 ボ<く.れる, く.らす, ぐらし, ぐれ, ぽ S14 livelihood, make a living, spend time 濡れ場 ぬれば n (drama's) love scene 明け あけ n, n-suf (1) beginning (2) dawn (3) end (4) expiration 開ける<空ける<明ける あける v1, vt, v1, vi (1) to open (a door, etc.) (2) to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package) (3) to open (for business, etc.) (4) to empty (5) to clear out (6) to make space (7) to make room (8) to dawn (9) to grow light (10) to end 思い<想い おもい n (1) thought (2) mind (3) heart (4) feelings (5) emotion (6) sentiment (7) love (8) affection (9) desire (10) wish (11) hope (12) expectation (13) imagination (14) experience 揺る ゆる v5r, vt (1) to shake (2) to jolt (3) to rock (cradle) (4) to swing 燃える もえる v1, vi (1) to burn (2) to get fired up 燃 ネン<も.える, も.やす, も.す S16 burn, blaze, glow 知らず しらず n-suf (1) not having (2) unaffected by 然 さ adv (1) so (2) like that (3) in that way 指燃草 さしもぐさ n Japanese mugwort 可き べき aux (1) should (suf. to verbs) (2) must 伊吹 いぶき Ibuki (surname, place-name, female given name) 柔<和 やわ adj-na (1) poorly-built (2) weak (3) insubstantial 絵<画 え n, n-suf (1) picture (2) drawing (3) painting (4) sketch だに prt even 描く<画く えがく<かく v5k, vt (1) to draw (2) to paint (3) to sketch (4) to depict (5) to describe 書く かく v5k, vt to write ざる prt (1) not (2) un- 去る<避る さる Godan verb with `ru' ending (1) to leave (2) to go away (3) to pass (4) to elapse (5) to be distant (6) to send away (7) to drive off (8) to divorce (9) (after a -masu stem, esp. of a suru verb) ... completely (10) last ... (e.g. "last April") 惜しい おしい Adjective (i) (1) regrettable (2) disappointing (3) precious (4) dear (5) valuable (6) too good for (7) deserving better (8) almost but not quite 為 ため n (1) good (2) advantage (3) benefit (4) welfare (5) sake (6) purpose (7) objective (8) aim (9) consequence (10) result (11) effect (12) affecting (13) regarding (14) concerning 思える おもえる v1 (1) to seem (2) to appear likely ものを prt particle usually indicating a complaint 消え入る きえいる v5r, vi to vanish 消える きえる v1, vi (1) to go out (2) to vanish (3) to disappear 昼<午 ひる n-adv, n-t (1) noon (2) midday (3) daytime (4) lunch つつ prt (1) while (2) though 燃える もえる v1, vi (1) to burn (2) to get fired up 火 ひ n, n-suf (1) fire (2) flame (3) blaze 焚く たく v5k, vt (1) to burn (2) to kindle (3) to build a fire 衛士 えじ<えいし n (1) soldiers of the ritsuryo system that guarded gates of the imperial palace, the court, etc. (2) term used in error to refer to young men that were made to do forced labour in the ritsuryo system (3) guards originally stationed at the grand shrine at Ise and shrine at Atsuta, Nagoya to protect the officials there 守 シュ, ス<まも.る, まも.り, もり, かみ, う, し, も, て S6 guard, protect, defend, obey 御垣守 みかきもり Unspecifiedas defined by F.V. Dickins Captain of the Guard of the Imperial Palisades かな<かなあ prt (1) I wonder (sentence ending prt) (2) should I? (question prt when thinking out loud) (3) is it? (4) I wish that (with a negative) (5) I hope that 哉 かな prt (1) how! (2) what! (3) alas! 頃 ころ<ごろ n, n-adv, n-suf (1) (approximate) time (2) around (3) about (4) toward (5) suitable time (or condition) (6) time of year (7) season 碎 サイ<くだ.く, くだ.ける S13 break, smash, broken, busted 尓 ジ, ニ<なんじ, しかり, その, のみ S5 you, that のみ suf, prt (1) only (2) nothing but 己<己れ おのれ n, adv, int (1) oneself (itself, etc.) (2) I (or me) (3) you (4) by oneself (itself, etc.) (5) interjection expressing anger or chagrin 波<浪<濤 なみ n wave 撃つ<討つ<射つ うつ v5t (1) to shoot (at) (2) to attack (3) to defeat (4) to destroy (5) to avenge 打つ うつ v5t (1) to hit (something inanimate) (2) to strike (3) to beat (on something) (4) to type (5) to tap (e.g. a key) (6) to inject (7) to indulge in gambling (8) to visit (on a pilgrimage) 岩<巌<磐 いわ<いわお n (1) rock (2) crag 痛む いたむ v5m (1) to hurt (2) to feel a pain (3) to be injured 傷む いたむ v5m, vi (1) to be damaged (2) to go bad 傷み いたみ n (1) grief (2) distress (3) damage (4) bruise 痛み いたみ n (1) pain (2) ache (3) sore (4) grief (5) distress ね<ねえ prt, int (1) (sentence end) indicates emphasis, agreement, request for confirmation, etc. (2) is it so (3) hey (4) come on 見栄<見栄え<見映<見映え<見え みえ<みばえ n (1) show (2) display (3) appearance (4) vanity (5) charm (6) attraction こそ prt for sure (emphasize preceding word) 寂しい<淋しい さびしい<さみしい adj-i (1) lonely (2) lonesome (3) solitary (4) desolate 宿 やど n (1) inn (2) lodging 茂る<繁る しげる v5r, vi (1) to grow thickly (2) to be in full leaf (3) to be rampant (4) to luxuriate (5) to be luxurious 八重葎 やえむぐら、ヤエムグラ Noun goosegrass, catchweed, cleavers, Rubiaceae 葎 むぐら n (1) creepers (2) trailing plants 八重 やえ n (1) multilayered (2) doubled 恵慶 えけい Ekei (given name) 恵慶 えぎょ EgyoPoet of the Heian period, included in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu (full name of a particular person) 道<途<路<径 みち n (1) road (2) street (3) way (4) path (5) course (6) route (7) lane (8) distance (9) ways (e.g. "a long ways") (10) the way (of proper conduct, etc.) (11) one's way (12) morals (13) teachings (esp. Confucian or Buddhist) (14) dogma (15) field (of medicine, etc.) (16) subject (17) way (18) method (19) means 行方 ゆくえ n (one's) whereabouts 絶える<断える たえる v1, vi (1) to die out (2) to peter out (3) to become extinct (4) to cease (5) to be stopped (6) to be discontinued (7) to be cut off 舵<梶<楫 かじ n (1) rudder (2) helm 船人<舟人 ふなびと n (1) sailor (2) boatman (3) passenger 渡る<亘る<渉る<亙る わたる v5r, vi (1) to cross over (2) to go across (3) to extend (4) to cover (5) to range (6) to span 戸<門 と n (1) door (esp. Japanese-style) (2) entrance (to a home) (3) narrows 由良 ゆら Yura (surname, place-name, female given name) いたづらになる いたずらになる Expressions (phrases, clauses, etc.) poetic cliché meaning 'to die of disappointed love' 徒に<徒らに いたずらに adv (1) in vain (2) uselessly (3) aimlessly (4) idly 思ほえで おもおえで Expressions (phrases, clauses, etc.)found in F.V. Dickins' 'Hyak Nin Is'shiu' not to perceive, not to take notice of べき Unspecifiedfound in F.V. Dickins terminal form of verbs 可き べき aux (1) should (suf. to verbs) (2) must 哀れ<憐れ<憫れ あわれ n, adj-na, int (1) pity (2) sorrow (3) grief (4) misery (5) compassion (6) pathos (7) pitiable (8) pitiful (9) pathetic (10) miserable (11) alack (12) alas 恨み<憾み<怨み うらみ n (1) resentment (2) grudge (3) malice (4) bitterness (5) matter for regret (6) regret 中中<中々 なかなか adv (1) very (2) considerably (3) easily (4) readily (5) fairly (6) quite (7) highly (8) rather (9) by no means (with negative verb) 泣く<哭く なく v5k (1) to cry (2) to weep (3) to sob (4) to howl 其<汝 し n (1) that (2) you (3) oneself (4) themself 死 し n, n-suf (1) death (2) decease (3) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation) 果てし無く はてしなく adv (1) eternally (2) interminably 絶える<断える たえる v1, vi (1) to die out (2) to peter out (3) to become extinct (4) to cease (5) to be stopped (6) to be discontinued (7) to be cut off 会う<逢う<遭う<遇う あう v5u, vi (1) to meet (2) to encounter (3) to have an accident (4) to have a bad experience けり aux-v (1) indicates recollection or realization (i.e. of hearsay or the past) (2) indicates continuation from the past to the present (3) end (4) conclusion 併さる<合わさる あわさる v5r, vi (1) to get together (2) to unite 思われる おもわれる v1 (1) to seem (2) to appear 思わせる おもわせる v1 (1) to make somebody believe (something) (2) to give somebody the impression 比べる<較べる<競べる くらべる v1, vt (1) to compare (2) to make a comparison (3) to compete (4) to vie 心 こころ n (1) mind (2) heart (3) spirit 後 のち n, adj-no (1) later (2) afterwards (3) since (4) future (5) after one's death (6) descendant 逢 ホウ<あ.う, むか.える, あい, おう S9 meeting, tryst, date, rendezvous 権中納言 ごんちゅうなごん Unspecified Gonchuunagon, Supernumerary or Acting Middle Counsellor 権中納言敦忠 ごんちゅうなごんあつただ The title Gonchuunagon means Supernumerary Middle Counsellor, the Acting Middle Counsellor Gonchuunagon Atsutada (person name) とは prt indicates word or phrase being defined 越す<超す こす v5s (1) to cross over (e.g. mountain) (2) to go across (3) to go over (e.g. with audience) (4) to pass time (e.g. a winter) (5) to surpass (6) to be better than (7) to exceed (8) to move house (9) to go (10) to come 越 エツ, オツ<こ.す, こ.える, えち, えっ, お, こえ, こし, ごえ, ごし, ごや S12 surpass, cross over, move to, exceed, Vietnam 波 ハ<なみ, ひら, みな, みなみ, わ S8 waves, billows, Poland 松 まつ n (1) pine tree (2) highest (of a three-tier ranking system) 末 うら n (1) top end (2) tip 末 すえ n-adv, n-t (1) end (2) close (3) future (4) finally (5) tip (6) top (7) trivialities (8) posterity (9) youngest child 搾る<絞る しぼる v5r, vt (1) to press (2) to wring (3) to squeeze 袖 そで n sleeve 互に かたみに adv (1) mutually (2) reciprocally (3) together 契る ちぎる v5r, vt (1) to pledge (2) to promise (3) to swear (4) to have sexual intercourse (esp. between husband and wife) (5) to share a bed 柳橋 やなぎばし Yanagibashi (surname, place-name) 召し めし n (1) summons (2) call 初める そめる aux-v, v1 to begin to こそ prt for sure (emphasize preceding word) 立ち たち n stand 既 き pref (1) previously (2) already (3) long ago 名 な n (1) name (2) reputation 我が<我<吾が わが adj-pn (1) my (2) our (3) one's own 兆 ちょう num (1) sign (2) omen (3) indication (4) portent (5) 10^12 (6) 1,000,000,000,000 (7) trillion (American) (8) (obs) billion (British) 素 す n, n-pref (1) one's nature (2) oneself (3) just that (4) unadorned (5) unadulterated 船宿 ふなやど n (1) shipping agent (2) boathouse (3) inn for sailors 迄 まで prt (1) until (2) till doing (3) as far as 問う<訪う とう v5u-s, vt (1) to ask (2) to question (3) to inquire (4) to charge (i.e. with a crime) (5) to accuse (6) to care (about) (7) without regard to (with negative verb) 思う<想う<憶う<念う<懐う おもう v5u, vt (1) to think (2) to feel は prt (1) topic marker particle (2) indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) (3) adds emphasis 色 いろ n, adj-f (1) colour (2) color (3) sensuality (4) lust (5) various 平ら たいら adj-na, n (1) flatness (2) level (3) smooth (4) calm (5) plain (6) sitting tailor fashion 恋しい こいしい adj-i (1) yearned for (2) longed for (3) missed 等<抔 など n, n-suf, prt (1) et cetera (2) etc. (3) and the like (4) and so forth (5) (indicating an approximate quote or vague suggestion) or something (6) (lessening the significance or value of the previous word) the likes of 余りに あまりに adv (1) too much (2) excessively (3) too 余り あまり<あんまり adj-na, adv, n, n-suf, adv, n-suf (1) remainder (2) rest (3) balance (4) remains (5) scraps (6) residue (7) remnant (8) not very (with negative sentence) (9) not much (10) surplus (11) excess (12) fullness (13) too much (14) overjoyed (15) overwhelmed (16) more than (17) over 筱 ゾウ, ショウ<しの S13 dwarf bamboo, diminutive in person's name 篠 しの<しぬ n (1) thin-culmed dwarf bamboo (growing in clusters) (2) Japanese transverse bamboo flute (high-pitched; usu. with seven holes) (3) sliver (strand of loose fibers) 小野 おの n (1) plain (2) field 乃 の prt (1) indicates possessive (2) verb and adjective nominalizer (nominaliser) (3) substituting for "ga" in subordinate phrases (4) indicates a confident conclusion (5) emotional emphasis (sentence end) (fem) (6) indicates question (sentence end) 浅茅生 あさじう n broad field of sparsely growing cogon grass 惜しい おしい adj-i (1) regrettable (2) disappointing (3) precious (4) dear (5) valuable (6) too good for (7) deserving better (8) almost but not quite 惜しくも おしくも n (1) to one's regret (chagrin) (2) regrettably 命 いのち n (mortal) life 誓い ちかい n (1) oath (2) vow 思わず おもわず adv (1) unintentionally (2) reflexively (3) spontaneously (4) involuntarily (5) instinctively 煩う わずらう v5u, vi (1) to worry about (2) to be concerned about (3) to be afflicted with (4) to suffer from 思う<想う<憶う<念う<懐う おもう v5u, vt (1) to think (2) to feel をば prt marks object of action, etc. (also adds emphasis) 身 み n (1) body (2) oneself (3) one's place (4) one's position (5) main part (6) meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.) (7) wood (as opposed to bark) (8) blade (as opposed to its handle) (9) container(as opposed to its lid) 忘れる わすれる v1, vt (1) to forget (2) to leave carelessly (3) to be forgetful of (4) to forget about (5) to forget (an article) 近 キン, コン<ちか.い, おう, おお, この S6 near, early, akin, tantamount 右 みぎ n (1) right (2) right hand side (3) afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing) (4) foregoing (5) forgoing (6) above 蹴る ける v5r, vt (1) to kick (2) to refuse (3) to reject 散る ちる v5r, vi (1) to fall (e.g. blossoms, leaves) (2) to scatter (3) to be dispersed (4) to disappear (5) to dissolve (6) to break up (7) to spread (8) to run (9) to blur (10) to die a noble death 玉 たま n, n-suf, n, n (1) ball (2) sphere (3) coin (4) jewel (5) pearl (6) testicles (7) staple (for a stapler) (8) person (when commenting on their nature) (9) character とめぬ Expressions (phrases, clauses, etc.)(as defined by F.V. Dickins, 1866) not to stop 貫き通す つらぬきとおす v5s, vt to enforce (one's) will 琲 ハイ<つらぬく S12 string of many pearls 野 の<や<ぬ n, n-pref (1) plain (2) field (3) hidden (structural) member (4) wild (5) lacking a political post 敷く<布く しく v5k (1) to spread out (2) to lay out (3) to take a position (4) to impose widely (e.g. over a city) 吹き頻る ふきしきる v5r (1) to blow violently (2) to blow incessantly 白露 しらつゆ<はくろ n (1) glistening dew (2) "white dew" solar term (approx. Sept 8) 宿る やどる v5r, vi (1) to lodge (2) to dwell (3) to be pregnant 何処<何所 どこ<いずこ<いずく<いどこ n (1) where (2) what place 雲 くも n cloud 開ける<空ける<明ける あける v1, vt, v1, viold form: あけぬる (1) to open (a door, etc.) (2) to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package) (3) to open (for business, etc.) (4) to empty (5) to clear out (6) to make space (7) to make room (8) to dawn (9) to grow light (10) to end 塗る ぬる v5r, vt (1) to paint (2) to plaster (3) to lacquer (4) to varnish (5) to spread (6) to smear 明け あけ n, n-suf (1) beginning (2) dawn (3) end (4) expiration 乍ら ながら prt (1) while (2) during (3) as (4) while (5) although (6) though (7) despite (8) in spite of (9) notwithstanding (10) all (11) both (12) as (i.e. "as always", "as long ago") (13) in (i.e. "in tears") 宵 よい n-adv, n-t (1) evening (2) early night hours 夜 よる<よ n-adv, n-t (1) evening (2) night 匂い<臭い におい n (1) odour (2) odor (3) scent (4) smell (5) stench (6) aura (7) whiff (8) smacks of ... (9) sense (10) flavour (11) flavor 香 コウ, キョウ<か, かお.り, かお.る, こ, こお, ひゃん, よし S9 incense, smell, perfume 故郷<古里<旧里 ふるさと<こきょう<きゅうり n (1) home town (2) birthplace (3) old village (4) historic village (5) native place (6) one's old home 知らず しらず n-suf (1) not having (2) unaffected by 然 さ adv (1) so (2) like that (3) in that way 無くなる なくなる v5r, vi (1) to disappear (2) to get lost 亡くなる なくなる v5r, viancient form: ならなく to die ならない<ならぬ exp (1) cannot help (doing, etc.) (2) irresistibly (3) unbearably (4) must not do (5) bad (6) wrong (7) not good 友<朋 とも n (1) friend (2) companion (3) pal 昔 むかし adj-no, n-adv, n-t (1) olden days (2) former 砂 すな n (1) sand (2) grit 高 コウ<たか.い, たか, たか.まる, たか.める, か, こ, じょい, た, はか S10 tall, high, expensive 賤 しず<せん n (1) lowly person (2) lowliness (3) I (used by male entertainers) 先 せん n, adj-no (1) the future (2) priority (3) precedence (4) former (5) previous (6) old (7) late かも prt (1) may (2) might (3) perhaps (4) may be (5) possibly 散る ちる v5r, vi (1) to fall (e.g. blossoms, leaves) (2) to scatter (3) to be dispersed (4) to disappear (5) to dissolve (6) to break up (7) to spread (8) to run (9) to blur (10) to die a noble death 静 セイ, ジョウ<しず-, しず.か, しず.まる, しず.める, しづ S14 quiet 穏やか おだやか adj-na, n (1) calm (2) gentle (3) quiet 枝垂桜<枝垂れ桜 しだれざくら n (1) weeping cherry (2) shidare cherry (3) variety of cherry tree with drooping branches (4) Prunus itosakura 静心 しずごころ n placid temperament 解ける とける Ichidan verb (1) to be solved (2) to loosen (3) to come untied (4) to be removed (e.g. restrictions) (5) to be cleared (e.g. misunderstandings) (6) to be broken (e.g. spells, curses) (7) to melt 退ける<除ける のける<どける v1, vt (1) to remove (2) to take away (3) to dislodge (4) to put something out of the way 光 ひかり n light 久方 ひさかた n (1) sky (2) moon 久方振り ひさかたぶり adj-na, n (1) long time (2) many days 方 かた n, n, n-suf, n-suf, n-suf, n-suf (1) direction (2) way (3) person (4) lady (5) gentleman (6) method of (7) manner of (8) way of (9) care of .. (10) person in charge of .. (11) side (e.g. "on my mother's side") 久 キュウ, ク<ひさ.しい, きゅ, わ S3 long time, old story 敢えて<敢て あえて adv (1) dare (to do something) (2) venture (often overcoming reluctance, or in the face of probable failure) (3) take upon oneself (4) challenge (5) presume (6) (there is no) need to (7) (don't) go as far as (8) definitely (not) 流れ ながれ n (1) stream (2) current (3) flow 柵 サク, サン<しがら.む, しがらみ, とりで, やらい, ませ, やな S9 stockade, fence, wier, entwine around 柵 しがらみ n (1) weir (2) bonds (3) fetters (4) ties of obligation 柵 さく n (1) fence (2) paling 掛け渡す かけわたす v5s, vt to build (a bridge) over a river 駆ける<駈ける かける v1, vi (1) to run (race, esp. horse) (2) to dash (3) to gallop (one's horse) (4) to canter (5) to advance (against one's enemy) 山川 やまがわ n mountain rivers 山川 さんせん<やまかわ n mountains and rivers 触れる ふれる v1, vi (1) to touch (2) to feel (3) to experience (4) to come in contact with (5) to be emotionally moved (by) (6) to perceive (7) to touch on a subject (8) to allude to (9) to be in conflict (with) (10) to violate (law, copyright, etc.) (11) to proclaim 白雪 しらゆき<はくせつ n white snow 里<郷 さと n (1) village (2) hamlet (3) countryside (4) country (5) home (of one's parents, etc.) (6) hometown (7) one's origins (8) one's upbringing (9) one's past 朝ぼらけ あさぼらけ Nounused in several poems in the Hyakunin Isshu dawn in late autumn or in winter 話<話し<咄<噺 はなし n (1) talk (2) speech (3) chat (4) story (5) conversation (6) discussions (7) negotiation (8) argument 無し なし n, n-suf without 憂 ユウ<うれ.える, うれ.い, う.い, う.き, ゆ S15 melancholy, grieve, lament, be anxious, sad, unhappy 許り<許 ばかり<ばっかり<ばっか prt (1) approximately (2) about (3) only (4) merely (5) nothing but (6) (after the -ta form of a verb) just (finished, etc.) 暁 あかつき n (1) dawn (2) daybreak (3) in the event of 寄り より n, suf (1) pushing back one's opponent while locked in close quarters (sumo) (2) having a tendency towards (3) being close to より adv, prt (1) from (2) out of (3) since (4) than (5) other than (6) more (7) more than つれない adj-i (1) cold (2) indifferent (3) unfriendly (4) unsympathetic (5) unkind 有明 ありあけ n dawn 有り明け ありあけ n (1) dawn or daybreak (with the moon still visible) (2) all night 白菊 しらぎく n white chrysanthemum 会わせる<遭わせる<逢わせる あわせる v1, vt (1) to make (someone) to meet (2) to let (someone) meet (3) to expose to (4) to subject to 紛らわす まぎらわす v5s, vt (1) to divert (2) to distract 置き土 おきつち n earth taken from elsewhere and placed atop 置 チ<お.く, おき, おけ, き S13 placement, put, set, deposit, leave behind, keep, employ, pawn 初霜 はつしも n first frost of the year 折る おる v5r, vt (1) to break (2) to fold (3) to pick flowers や prt, int, aux (1) such things as (non-exhaustive list related to a specific time and place) (2) and ... and (3) (after the dictionary form of a verb) the minute (that) ... (4) no sooner than ... (5) punctuational exclamation in haiku, renga, etc. (6) plain copula 心当て こころあて n (1) a guess (2) anticipation 思う<想う<憶う<念う<懐う おもう v5u, vt (1) to think (2) to feel 涸れる かれる v1, vi (1) to dry up (spring, pond, etc.) (2) to run out 枯れる かれる v1, vi (1) to wither (plant) (2) to be blasted (3) to die 草 ソウ<くさ, くさ-, そ, や S9 grass, weeds, herbs, pasture, write, draft 草 くさ n grass 勝る<優る まさる v5r, vi (1) to excel (2) to surpass (3) to outrival 然 さ adv (1) so (2) like that (3) in that way 寂しい<淋しい さびしい<さみしい adj-i (1) lonely (2) lonesome (3) solitary (4) desolate 須 ス, シュ<すべから.く, すべし, ひげ, まつ, もち.いる, もと.める, もとむ, ぞ S12 ought, by all means, necessarily ぜ<ぞ prt (1) (sentence end, mainly masc.) adds force (2) indicates command 冬 ふゆ n-adv, n-t winter 里<郷 さと n (1) village (2) hamlet (3) countryside (4) country (5) home (of one's parents, etc.) (6) hometown (7) one's origins (8) one's upbringing (9) one's past 恋しがる こいしがる v5r (1) to yearn for (2) to miss 然れば しかれば<されば Conjunction (1) that being the case (2) therefore (3) so (4) well then, moving on to another topic... (5) (expressing surprise) ...on earth? (6) that's right 恋<戀 こい n (1) love (2) tender passion とて prt (1) even (2) even if (3) even though 何時 いつ n-adv (1) when (2) how soon 泉 いずみ n (1) spring (2) fountain 縷縷<縷々 るる adj-t, adv-to (1) continuously (2) unbroken (3) at great length (4) in minute detail 長い<永い ながい adj-i (1) long (distance) (2) long (time) (3) lengthy 沸く<湧く<涌く わく v5k, vi (1) to boil (2) to grow hot (of water) (3) to gush forth (of water) (4) to surge (5) to get excited (6) to take place energetically (7) to spring up from the ground (8) to flow from the ground (9) to appear (of sweat, tears) (10) to be generated (of emotions) 甕 かめ<みか<みかわ n (1) jar (2) jug (3) vat (4) urn (5) vase 陂 ヒ, ハ<つつみ S8 levee, embankment, hill, slope 堤 つつみ n (1) bank (2) embankment (3) dike 鳴る なる v5r, vi (1) to sound (2) to ring (3) to resound (4) to echo (5) to roar (6) to rumble 待 タイ<ま.つ, まち, まつ S9 wait, depend on 御幸 ぎょうき<みゆき<ごうき<ごこう n, vs imperial outing or visit 一度<ひと度 いちど<ひとたび n-adv, n-adv, n-adv (1) once (2) one time (3) on one occasion (4) temporarily (5) for a moment (6) one degree (7) one tone (8) one musical interval 旅 たび n, vs (1) travel (2) trip (3) journey 今 いま n-adv, n (1) now (2) the present time (3) just now (4) soon (5) immediately (6) (one) more 在る<有る ある v5r-i, vi (1) to be (usu. of inanimate objects) (2) to exist (3) to live (4) to have (5) to be located (6) to be equipped with (7) to happen (8) to come about 心 こころ n (1) mind (2) heart (3) spirit 葉 は n leaf 峰<嶺<峯 みね n (1) peak (2) ridge 小倉山 おぐらやま Noun Mount Ogura 公家<公卿<上達部 くげ<くぎょう<かんだちめ n (1) Imperial Court (2) court noble (3) the nobility 殿 との n (1) feudal lord (2) mansion (3) palace 悦 エツ<よろこ.ぶ, よろこ.ばす, や, よし S10 ecstasy, joy, rapture 愛 アイ<いと.しい, め.でる, あ, あし, え, かな, なる, まな, めぐ, めぐみ, よし S13 love, affection, favourite 可 カ, コク<よし S5 can, passable, mustn't, should not, do not 来る くる vk, vi, aux-v, vk, vi (1) to come (spatially or temporally) (2) to approach (3) to arrive (4) to come back (5) to do ... and come back (6) to come to be (7) to become (8) to get (9) to grow (10) to continue (11) to come from (12) to be caused by (13) to derive from (14) to come to (i.e. "when it comes to spinach ...") 繰る くる v5r, vt (1) to turn (pages) (2) to flip through (a book) (3) to leaf through (a book) (4) to reel (5) to wind (6) to spin (thread) 知る<識る しる v5r, vt (1) to know (2) to understand (3) to be acquainted with (4) to feel 実葛 さねかずら Noun scarlet kadsura, kadsura japonica, uvaria japonica, binankazura, kind of climbing vine with scarlet coloured fruits on female vines, sometimes also called 'red lantern in forest' 寝かす ねかす v5s (1) to put to sleep (2) to lay (something) on its side さ suf, prt, int (1) -ness (nominalizing suffix indicating degree or condition) (2) (sentence end, mainly masc.) indicates assertion (3) come (4) come now ば prt (1) indicates supposition (2) if ... then 負 フ<ま.ける, ま.かす, お.う S9 defeat, negative, -, minus, bear, owe, assume a responsibility 名 な n (1) name (2) reputation 菅 すげ n sedge (any plant of genus Carex) 随 ズイ<まにまに, したが.う S12 follow, though, notwithstanding, while, during, both, all, obey, submit to, comply, at the mercy of (the waves) 神 かみ n god 錦 にしき n brocade 手向け たむけ nMount Tamuke, or Offering Hill, 手向山 is a famous hill in Nara with a shrine and beautiful autumn foliage. (1) offering to a deity or somebody's spirit (2) tribute to a person who is about to depart 取りあえず<取り敢えず<取敢えず とりあえず adv, n (1) at once (2) first of all (3) for the time being (4) for now 幣 ヘイ<ぬさ, しで S15 cash, bad habit, humble prefix, gift, Shinto offerings of cloth, rope, cut paper この度<此の度<此度 このたび<こたび n-adv, n-t (1) this occasion (2) at this time (3) now 度 たび<たんび n, n-suf, ctr (1) time (three times, each time, etc.) (2) times ど<どう pref (1) precisely (2) exactly (3) plumb (4) totally (5) very (6) derogatory prefix used before nouns & adjectives ね<ねえ prt, int (1) (sentence end) indicates emphasis, agreement, request for confirmation, etc. (2) is it so (3) hey (4) come on 在る<有る ある v5r-i, vi (1) to be (usu. of inanimate objects) (2) to exist (3) to live (4) to have (5) to be located (6) to be equipped with (7) to happen (8) to come about 一つ<１つ<一 ひとつ n, n-adv (1) one (2) for one thing (often used in itemized lists) (3) (after a noun) only (4) (with a verb in negative form) (not) even (5) just (i.e. "just try it") 我が身 わがみ n (1) myself (2) oneself 悲しい<哀しい かなしい adj-i (1) sad (2) sorrowful 悲 ヒ<かな.しい, かな.しむ S12 jail cell, grieve, sad, deplore, regret 千々に<千千に ちぢに adv in pieces こそ prt for sure (emphasize preceding word) 千千 せんせん<ちぢ n (1) thousands (2) great number of (3) variety 月 つき n, n-t (1) moon (2) month 乱 らん n (1) revolt (2) rebellion (3) war 言う<云う<謂う いう<ゆう v5u (1) to say (2) to call (i.e. to give a name) 畏怖 いふ n, vs (1) awe (2) fear (3) fright 嵐 あらし n (1) storm (2) tempest 折る おる v5r, vt (1) to break (2) to fold (3) to pick flowers 草木 くさき<そうもく n (1) plants (2) vegetation 空荷 からに n (1) lacking cargo (2) in ballast 吹く<噴く ふく v5k (1) to blow (wind, etc.) (2) to emit (3) to spout かな<かなあ prt (1) I wonder (sentence ending prt) (2) should I? (question prt when thinking out loud) (3) is it? (4) I wish that (with a negative) (5) I hope that 哉 かな prt (1) how! (2) what! (3) alas! 待ち まち n, n-suf (1) waiting (2) waiting time 月 つき n, n-t (1) moon (2) month 有明 ありあけ n dawn 長月 ながつき n ninth month of the lunar calendar 許り<許 ばかり<ばっかり<ばっか prt (1) approximately (2) about (3) only (4) merely (5) nothing but (6) (after the -ta form of a verb) just (finished, etc.) 思う<想う<憶う<念う<懐う おもう v5u, vt (1) to think (2) to feel 会わせる<遭わせる<逢わせる あわせる v1, vt (1) to make (someone) to meet (2) to let (someone) meet (3) to expose to (4) to subject to 刺身を作る さしみをつくる exp to slice (raw fish) 突く<衝く<撞く<捺く つく v5k, vt (1) to prick (2) to stab (3) to poke (4) to prod (5) to push (6) to thrust (7) to nudge (8) to hit (9) to strike (10) to use (a cane) (11) to prop oneself up with (12) to press against (the floor, etc.) (13) to attack (14) to brave (the rain, etc.) 澪標 みおつくし<れいひょう nemblem of Osaka marks in a water channel 尽 ジン, サン<つ.くす, つ.きる, つ.かす, さかづき, ことごと.く, つか, つき S6 exhaust, use up, run out of, deplete, befriend, serve なる suf, adj-f (1) that is in (2) who is called (3) that is called (4) that is 多 た n, pref multi- 同じ おなじ<おんなじ Adjective (i) (1) same (2) identical (3) equal (4) uniform (5) equivalent (6) similar (7) common (origin) (8) changeless (9) alike (10) (usu. part of a 'nara' conditional) anyway (11) anyhow (12) in either case 旗 はた n flag 側<傍 そば<そく<はた n, n (1) near (2) close (3) beside (4) vicinity (5) proximity (6) besides (7) while (8) third person 濡れ場 ぬれば n (drama's) love scene 侘び<侘<佗<佗び わび n (1) the beauty to be found in poverty and simplicity (2) subdued taste (3) quiet refinement (4) sober refinement (5) wabi 親王 しんのう n (1) prince of royal blood (2) Imperial prince や prt, int, aux (1) such things as (non-exhaustive list related to a specific time and place) (2) and ... and (3) (after the dictionary form of a verb) the minute (that) ... (4) no sooner than ... (5) punctuational exclamation in haiku, renga, etc. (6) plain copula 為る する Noun or participle which takes the aux. verb suru (1) to do (2) to cause to become (3) to make (into) (4) to turn (into) (5) to serve as (6) to act as (7) to work as (8) to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) (9) to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) (10) to be (in a state, condition, etc.) (11) to be worth (12) to cost (13) to pass (of time) (14) verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs") (15) creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go") (16) to be just about to (17) to be just starting to (18) to try to (19) to attempt to 直ぐ すぐ adj-na, adv, n (1) immediately (2) at once (3) directly (4) soon (5) before long (6) shortly (7) easily (8) without difficulty (9) right (near) (10) nearby (11) just (handy) 過 か pref (1) surplus- (attaches to start of Sino-Japanese words) (2) excess- (3) over- (4) per- (chemical with more of a certain element than found in other compounds of the same constituents) この世 このよ n, adj-no (1) this world (2) the present life 逢 ホウ<あ.う, むか.える, あい, おう S9 meeting, tryst, date, rendezvous 間 ま n (1) space (2) room (3) time (4) pause 節 ふし n (1) joint (2) knuckle (3) tune (4) melody (5) knot (in wood) (6) node in a bamboo stem (7) part (8) notable characteristic 葦<蘆<葭<芦 あし<よし<アシ<ヨシ n common reed (Phragmites australis) 短い<短かい みじかい adj-i short 難波潟 なにわがた nactually the marshlands there Naniwa Bay (old name for Osaka Bay) 浪花<浪速<浪華 なにわ n Naniwa (former name for Osaka region) 眩む<暗む<晦む くらむ v5m, vi (1) to be dazzled by (2) to be dizzied by (3) to be disoriented by (4) to be lost in (greed, lust, etc.) (5) to become dark よ prt, int (1) (at sentence end) indicates indicates certainty, emphasis, contempt, request, etc. (2) (after a noun) used when calling out to someone (3) (in mid-sentence) used to catch one's breath or get someone's attention (4) yo! 余<予 よ n, suf, n (1) over (2) more than (3) formal or oratory first person pronoun (4) I 人目 ひとめ<じんもく n (1) public gaze (2) public notice 一目<ひと目 ひとめ<いちもく n-adv, n-t, n, n (1) (a) glance (2) (a) look (3) (a) glimpse (4) (a) stone (in Go) (5) complete view (6) bird's-eye view 路 じ suf (1) route (2) road (3) distance travelled in a day (4) (with decade) one's .... (5) age .... 通い かよい n (1) coming and going (2) commuting 通 ツウ, ツ<とお.る, とお.り, とお.す, とお.し, かよ.う, とん, どうし, どおり, みち S9 traffic, pass through, avenue, commute, counter for letters, notes, documents, etc. 夢 ゆめ n dream 冶 や n melting さえ<すら prt (1) even (2) if only (3) if just (4) as long as (5) the only thing needed 冴え<冱え<冴 さえ n (1) clearness (2) clarity (3) skillfulness (skilfulness) 夜 よる<よ n-adv, n-t (1) evening (2) night 波<浪<濤 なみ n wave 寄る よる v5r, vi (1) to visit (2) to drop in (3) to approach 岸 きし n (1) bank (2) coast (3) shore 江 え n (1) inlet (2) bay 住 ジュウ, ヂュウ, チュウ<す.む, す.まう, し, じゅ, すみ S7 dwell, reside, live, inhabit 括る くくる v5r, vt (1) to tie up (2) to tie together (3) to bundle (4) to fasten (5) to hang (oneself) 水 みず n water (cold, fresh) 唐紅 からくれない n crimson 竜田姫 たつたひめ n (1) goddess of autumn (2) goddess of fall 竜<龍 りゅう<たつ<りょう n (1) dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon) (2) naga (semidivine human-cobra chimera in Indian mythology) (3) promoted rook (shogi) 聞かす きかす v5s, vt (1) to inform about (2) to read to (3) to sing for 神代 かみよ<じんだい n (1) ancient time (2) age of the gods 振る ぶる suf, v5r, v5r (1) assuming the air of ... (2) behaving like ... (3) to put on airs (4) to be self-important 早 はや n (1) already (2) now (3) by this time 在原業平亜損 ありわらのなりひらあそん Unspecified Ariwara no Narihira Ason (ason being a title) 朝臣 あそみ<あそん<あっそん n Asomi (second highest of the eight hereditary titles) 中納言 ちゅうなごん Unspecified Counsellor, ranking after dainagon and before shounagon. 今 こん pref (1) the current ... (2) this (3) today's ... 聞く<聴く<訊く きく v5k, vt (1) to hear (2) to listen (e.g. to music) (3) to ask (4) to enquire 企画 きかく n, vs (1) planning (2) project (3) plan (4) design 松 まつ n (1) pine tree (2) highest (of a three-tier ranking system) 生う おう v5u (1) to grow (2) to spring up (3) to cut (teeth) 別れ わかれ n (1) parting (2) separation (3) farewell (4) (lateral) branch (5) fork (6) offshoot (7) division (8) section 立ち たち n stand 孝 こう n filial piety 光 ひかり n light 降りる<下りる おりる Ichidan verb (1) to descend (e.g. a mountain) (2) to go down (3) to come down (4) to alight (e.g. from bus) (5) to get off (6) to disembark (7) to dismount (8) to step down (9) to retire (10) to give up (11) to quit (12) to be granted (13) to be issued (14) to be given (15) to form (of frost, dew, mist, etc.) (16) to be passed (from the body; i.e. of a roundworm) 降り続く ふりつづく v5k, vi to continue to rain or snow 雪 ゆき n snow 衣手 ころもで n sleeve 摘む つむ v5m, vt (1) to pluck (2) to pick (3) to trim 若菜 わかな n young greens or herbs 出 シュツ, スイ<で.る, だ.す, い.でる, い.だす, いず, いづ, いで, じ, すっ, すつ, てん S5 exit, leave 野 の<や<ぬ n, n-pref (1) plain (2) field (3) hidden (structural) member (4) wild (5) lacking a political post 為 ため n (1) good (2) advantage (3) benefit (4) welfare (5) sake (6) purpose (7) objective (8) aim (9) consequence (10) result (11) effect (12) affecting (13) regarding (14) concerning 君<公 きみ n, adj-no (1) you (2) buddy (3) pal (4) monarch (5) ruler (6) sovereign (7) (one's) master 左大臣 さだいじん n Minister of the Left (official in Nara and Heian periods) 河原<川原 かわら<かわはら n (1) dry river bed (2) river beach ならない<ならぬ exp (1) cannot help (doing, etc.) (2) irresistibly (3) unbearably (4) must not do (5) bad (6) wrong (7) not good なら<ならば aux, conj (1) if (2) in case (3) if it is the case that (4) if it is true that (5) as for (6) on the topic of (7) if that's the case (8) if so (9) that being the case (10) if possible (11) if circumstances allow 我<吾<吾れ<我れ われ<わ<あれ<あ<わぬ<わろ n, pref (1) I (2) me (3) oneself (4) you (5) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt 其<汝 し n (1) that (2) you (3) oneself (4) themself 染め<染 そめ n (1) dyeing (2) printing 乱れ みだれ n (1) disorder (2) disturbance (3) unrest 故 ゆえ n-adv, n (1) reason (2) cause (3) circumstances 誰 だれ<たれ<た n who 刷り すり n printing 綟 レイ<もじ S13 yellowish green, coarse mesh linen 忍ぶ しのぶ v5b, vt (1) to conceal oneself (2) to hide (3) to endure 恋い忍ぶ こいしのぶ v5b to live on love 信夫綟摺 しのぶもじずり Unspecified Shinobu mochizuri, printed cloth with fern-leaf pattern 忍<荵 しのぶ n (1) Davallia mariesii (species of fern) (2) Lepisorus thunbergiana (species of fern) (3) color of clothing layers under one's overcoat (light green on blue) (4) ancient women's hairstyle (5) clothing patterned using the fern Davallia mariesii 奥 おく n (1) interior (2) inner part (3) inside 陸 リク, ロク<おか, くが, たち, みち, む, むつ S11 land, six 陸奥 みちのく Unspecified Michinoku, place in Japan 院 イン S10also title used for abdicated or retired emperors Inst., institution, temple, mansion, school 成 セイ, ジョウ<な.る, な.す, あき, あきら, しげ, そん, たえ, なお, なり, なる, のり, ひら, まさ, よし, り S6 turn into, become, get, grow, elapse, reach 陽 よう n (1) yang (2) sunlight-side (3) warmth (4) sunshine (5) surface (6) appearances 温む ぬるむ v5m (1) to cool off (2) to become tepid 也 なり aux-v, aux-v, n, suf (1) be (an affirmation) (2) be (location) (3) sum of money (used to express an exact sum on a receipt, envelope, certificate, etc.) 淵<渊<渕<潭 ふち n (1) deep pool (2) abyss (3) the depths 積もり つもり n (1) intention (2) plan (3) conviction (4) belief 川<河 かわ<がわ n, suf (1) river (2) stream (3) the .... river (4) (suffix used with the names of rivers) 男女 だんじょ n (1) man and woman (2) men and women 落ちる<堕ちる<墜ちる<落る おちる v1, vi (1) to fall down (2) to drop (3) to fail (e.g. exam) (4) to crash (5) to degenerate (6) to degrade (7) to fade (8) to come out (e.g. a stain) より adv, prt (1) from (2) out of (3) since (4) than (5) other than (6) more (7) more than 峰<嶺<峯 みね n (1) peak (2) ridge 波 ハ<なみ, ひら, みな, みなみ, わ S8 waves, billows, Poland 筑 チク<つく, づき S12 an ancient musical instrument 昭 ショウ<あき, あきら, かず, かずみ, てる S9 shining, bright 遍 ヘン<あまね.く S11 everywhere, times, widely, generally 遍 へん ctr number of times 僧正 そうじょう n high Buddhist priest 留める<止める<停める とどめる v1, vt (1) to stop (2) to stay (e.g. the night) (3) to cease (4) to put an end to (5) to contain (6) to keep (in position, in place) (7) to limit (8) to record (e.g. a fact) (9) to retain と prt, conj (1) if (2) when (3) and (4) with (5) particle used for quoting (with speech, thoughts, etc.) (6) promoted pawn (shogi) 暫し しばし adv (1) for a short while (2) for a brief period 姿 すがた n (1) figure (2) shape (3) appearance 少女<乙女 しょうじょ<おとめ n (1) daughter (2) young lady (3) virgin (4) maiden (5) little girl 閉じる とじる v1 (1) to close (e.g. book, eyes, meeting, etc.) (2) to shut 吹く<噴く ふく v5k (1) to blow (wind, etc.) (2) to emit (3) to spout 路 じ suf (1) route (2) road (3) distance travelled in a day (4) (with decade) one's .... (5) age .... 通い かよい n (1) coming and going (2) commuting 雲 くも n cloud 風 かぜ n (1) wind (2) breeze つ prt indicates possessive (often found in place names and compound words) 釣り船<釣船<釣り舟 つりぶね n fishing boat 釣る つる v5r, vt to fish 釣り<釣 つり n (1) fishing (2) angling (3) change (e.g. for a purchase) 海女 あま<あまめ n woman shell diver 告 コク<つ.げる, い S7 revelation, tell, inform, announce 告げる つげる v1, vt to inform 漕ぎ出す こぎだす v5s, vt to begin rowing 漕ぎ着ける こぎつける v1, vt (1) to row up to (2) to attain to 掛ける<懸ける かける Ichidan verb (1) to hang (e.g. picture) (2) to hoist (e.g. sail) (3) to raise (e.g. flag) (4) to sit (5) to be partway (verb) (6) to begin (but not complete) (7) to take (time, money) (8) to expend (money, time, etc.) (9) to make (a call) (10) to multiply (11) to secure (e.g. lock) (12) to put on (glasses, etc.) (13) to cover (14) to burden someone (15) to apply (insurance) (16) to turn on (an engine, etc.) (17) to set (a dial, an alarm clock, etc.) (18) to put an effect (spell, anaesthetic, etc.) on (19) to hold an emotion for (pity, hope, etc.) (20) to bind (21) to pour (or sprinkle, spray, etc.) onto (22) to argue (in court) (23) to deliberate (in a meeting) (24) to present (e.g. idea to a conference, etc.) (25) to increase further (26) to catch (in a trap, etc.) (27) to set atop (28) to erect (a makeshift building) (29) to hold (a play, festival, etc.) (30) (after -masu stem of verb) indicates (verb) is being directed to (someone) 島<嶋 しま n (1) island (2) territory (of a prostitute, organized crime gang, etc.) (3) turf 八十 はちじゅう<やそ n eighty 海 うみ<み<わた<わだ n (1) sea (2) beach 竹叢<竹むら<篁 たかむら n bamboo grove 参議 さんぎ n, vs (1) councillor (2) councilor (3) participation in government 関 せき n, n-suf (1) barrier (2) gate 逢阪 おうさか Unspecified Afusaka, now pronounced Ousaka, 'meeting hill' 大阪<大坂 おおさか n Osaka 見知らぬ みしらぬ adj-pn (1) unknown (2) unacquainted (3) strange 知る<識る しる v5r, vt (1) to know (2) to understand (3) to be acquainted with (4) to feel 別れ わかれ n (1) parting (2) separation (3) farewell (4) (lateral) branch (5) fork (6) offshoot (7) division (8) section 行く いく<ゆく v5k-s, vi, aux-v (1) to go (2) to proceed (3) to take place (4) to continue 弧 こ n arc や prt, int, aux (1) such things as (non-exhaustive list related to a specific time and place) (2) and ... and (3) (after the dictionary form of a verb) the minute (that) ... (4) no sooner than ... (5) punctuational exclamation in haiku, renga, etc. (6) plain copula 屋<家 や suf, suf, suf, n (1) (something) shop (2) somebody who sells (something) or works as (something) (3) somebody with a (certain) personality trait (4) house (5) roof 蝉丸 せみまる Unspecified Semimaru, or Semimaro, was a Japanese poet and musician of the early Heian period. He is said to have built his hermitage at Afusaka (the old name for Osaka, then a commercial capital) no Seki. 間に あいだに adv (1) while (2) during (the time when) 間 ま n (1) space (2) room (3) time (4) pause 詩 し n (1) poem (2) verse of poetry 瀬 せ n (1) current (2) torrent (3) rapids (4) shallows (5) shoal 長雨<霖 ながあめ<ながめ n long spell of rain 長め<長目 ながめ adj-na, adj-no (1) longish (2) moderately long 古<故<旧 ふる n, n-pref (1) used item (2) secondhand item (3) old (4) used (5) previous 振る ふる v5r, vt (1) to wave (2) to shake (3) to swing (4) to sprinkle (5) to cast (actor) (6) to allocate (work) (7) to turn down (somebody) (8) to reject (9) to jilt (10) to abandon (11) to give up (12) to ruin 降る ふる v5r, vi (1) to precipitate (2) to fall (e.g. rain) 身 み n (1) body (2) oneself (3) one's place (4) one's position (5) main part (6) meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.) (7) wood (as opposed to bark) (8) blade (as opposed to its handle) (9) container(as opposed to its lid) 徒に<徒らに いたずらに adv (1) in vain (2) uselessly (3) aimlessly (4) idly 悪戯 いたずら<あくぎ adj-na, n, vs (1) tease (2) prank (3) trick (4) practical joke (5) mischief けり aux-v (1) indicates recollection or realization (i.e. of hearsay or the past) (2) indicates continuation from the past to the present (3) end (4) conclusion 移り うつり n (1) change (2) transition (3) return present 色 いろ n, adj-f (1) colour (2) color (3) sensuality (4) lust (5) various 花<華 はな n (1) flower (2) blossom (3) bloom (4) petal (5) blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms) (6) cherry blossom (7) ikebana (8) Japanese playing cards (9) beauty (10) (the) best 小野小町 おののこまち Unspecified Ono no Komachi, Beauty of the Plain 小町 こまち n (1) a belle (2) town beauty 小野 おの n (1) plain (2) field 法師 ほうし n (1) Buddhist priest (2) bonze 喜撰法師 きせんほうし Unspecified the monk Kisen 也 なり aux-v, aux-v, n, suf (1) be (an affirmation) (2) be (location) (3) sum of money (used to express an exact sum on a receipt, envelope, certificate, etc.) 言う<云う<謂う いう<ゆう v5u (1) to say (2) to call (i.e. to give a name) を prt (1) indicates direct object of action (2) indicates subject of causative expression (3) indicates an area traversed (4) indicates time (period) over which action takes place (5) indicates point of departure or separation of action (6) indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc. 世<代 よ n (1) world (2) society (3) age (4) generation 住む すむ v5m, vi (1) to live (of humans) (2) to reside (3) to inhabit (4) to dwell (5) to abide しか prt (1) only (2) nothing but 辰巳<巽 たつみ n southeast 都<京 みやこ n (1) capital (2) metropolis 宇治山 うじやま Unspecified Ujiyama, Mount Uji, Mount of Sorrow 安倍仲麿 あべのなかまろ Unspecified Abe no Nakamaro, scholar, administrator in the Nara period. 月 つき n, n-t (1) moon (2) month お出で<御出で おいで n, exp (1) coming (2) going (3) being (somewhere) (4) come (used as an imperative, usu. to children and one's inferiors) (5) go (6) stay 出で立つ いでたつ v5t, vi (1) to start (2) to leave ミ笠 みかさ Unspecified Mikasa, place name なる suf, adj-f (1) that is in (2) who is called (3) that is called (4) that is 成る<為る なる v5r, vi (1) to become (2) to get (3) to grow (4) to be (5) to reach (6) to attain (7) to result in (8) to prove to be (9) to consist of (10) to be composed of (11) to succeed (12) to be complete (13) to change into (14) to be exchanged for (15) to play a role (16) to be promoted (shogi) 春日 かすが Unspecified Kasuga, place name 気 け n, n-suf, n-pref (1) sign (2) indication (3) trace (4) touch (5) feeling (6) somehow (7) for some reason (8) seeming to be 然 さ adv (1) so (2) like that (3) in that way 振り<風 ふり n, vs (1) pretence (pretense) (2) show (3) appearance (4) behaviour (5) swing (6) swinging (7) lacking a reservation or introduction (at a restaurant, etc.) (8) unsewn part of a hanging sleeve on a traditional Japanese woman's garment 原 はら n (1) field (2) plain (3) prairie (4) tundra (5) moor (6) wilderness 天 てん<あめ<あま n (1) sky (2) heaven (3) svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth) (4) deva (divine being of Buddhism) 中納言家持 ちゅうなごんやかもち Unspecified Chuunagon Yakamochi, poet belonging to the Thirty-Six Immortals Poets. 夜更け<夜深け よふけ n late at night 更け<更<深 ふけ n, n-suf (1) growing late (2) latening 夜空 よぞら n night sky 霜 しも n frost 置く おく v5k (1) to put (2) to place (3) to leave (behind) (4) to do something in advance (usu. following te-form verb) 橋 はし n bridge 渡す わたす v5s, vt (1) to ferry across (a river, etc.) (2) to carry across (3) to lay across (4) to build across (5) to hand over (6) to hand in (7) to pass (8) to give (9) to transfer 鵲 かささぎ<カササギ n European magpie (Pica pica) 気 き n (1) spirit (2) mind (3) heart (4) nature (5) disposition (6) motivation (7) intention (8) mood (9) feelings (10) atmosphere (11) essence 悲しい<哀しい かなしい adj-i (1) sad (2) sorrowful 悲 ヒ<かな.しい, かな.しむ S12 jail cell, grieve, sad, deplore, regret ぜ<ぞ prt (1) (sentence end, mainly masc.) adds force (2) indicates command 時 とき n-adv, n (1) time (2) hour (3) occasion (4) moment 聞く<聴く<訊く きく v5k, vt (1) to hear (2) to listen (e.g. to music) (3) to ask (4) to enquire 声 こえ n voice 鹿 しか<かせぎ<か<ろく n deer (esp. the sika deer, Cervus nippon) 鳴く<啼く なく v5k (1) to sing (bird) (2) to bark (3) to purr (4) to make sound (animal) 踏み分ける ふみわける v1, vt to push through (i.e. a crowd, vegetation, etc.) 踏 トウ<ふ.む, ふ.まえる S15 step, trample, carry through, appraise, evade payment 紅葉<黄葉 こうよう<もみじ n, vs, n (1) autumn colours (2) fall colors (3) leaves changing color (colour) (4) leaves turning red (5) red leaves (6) leaves turning yellow (7) yellow leaves (8) (Japanese) maple (Acer japonicum) (9) venison 奥山 おくやま n (1) remote mountain (2) mountain recesses 猿丸大夫 さるまるだゆう Unspecified Sarumaru Dayuu, (also known as Sarumaru no Taifu) was a waka poet in the early Heian period. There are no detailed histories or legends about him. There is a possibility that there never was such a person. Some believe him to have been Prince Yamashiro no Ōe. 山辺赤人 やまべのあかひと Unspecified Yamabe no Akahito, (also 山部赤人 or 山邊赤人) (700 - 736) was a poet of the Yamato period in Japan. Many of his poems were composed during journeys with Emperor Shōmu between 724 and 736. つつ prt (1) while (2) though 降り ふり n (1) rainfall (2) snowfall (3) alighting (4) descending 雪 ゆき n snow 高嶺<高根 たかね<こうれい n high peak 富士山<不二山<不尽山 ふじさん n Mt Fuji 見る<観る<視る みる Ichidan verb (1) to see (2) to look (3) to watch (4) to view (5) to observe (6) to look over (7) to look on (8) to assess (9) to examine (10) to judge (11) to look after (12) to keep an eye on (13) to take care of (14) to view (e.g. flowers, movie) (15) (usu. after the -te form of a verb) to try 内<中 うち Adjective (i) (1) inside (2) within (3) while (4) among (5) amongst (6) between (7) we (referring to one's in-group, i.e. company, etc.) (8) my spouse (9) imperial palace grounds (10) emperor (11) I (primarily used by women and children) (12) me 浦 ホ<うら S10 bay, creek, inlet, gulf, beach, seacoast 田子 たご Unspecified Tago, coastal place in Shizuoka 寝 ね<しん<い n sleep 夜 よる<よ n-adv, n-t (1) evening (2) night 長々<長長 ながなが adv-to, adv (1) long (2) drawn-out (3) very long たり<だり Conjunction (1) doing A and doing B (both) (2) now doing A and now doing B (alternately) (3) and the like (4) such things as (5) (affirmation) be 梓 あずさ<し<アズサ n, n (1) Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa) (2) yellow catalpa (Catalpa ovata) (3) printing block 其<汝 し n (1) that (2) you (3) oneself (4) themself 尾 お n (1) tail (2) ridge 山鳥 やまどり Noun mountain bird, a copper pheasant 曳 エイ<ひ.く, ひき, びき S7 pull, tug, jerk, admit, install, quote, refer to 引 イン<ひ.く, ひ.き, ひ.き-, ひ.ける, いな, ひき, ひけ, びき S4 pull, tug, jerk, admit, install, quote, refer to 足<脚<肢 あし n (1) foot (2) leg (3) gait (4) pace (5) bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji (6) means of transportation 柿本人麿 かきのもとのひとまろ Unspecified Kakinomoto no Hitomaro (c. 662 - 710) was a Japanese poet and aristocrat of the late Asuka period. He was the most prominent of the poets included in the Manyoushuu, 万葉集. 香具 こうぐ n (1) perfumes (2) variety of incense 香具山 かぐやま Noun Kaguyama, the Fragrant Mountain, Mount Kagu, a hill near Nara, both real and mythical 兆 ちょう num (1) sign (2) omen (3) indication (4) portent (5) 10^12 (6) 1,000,000,000,000 (7) trillion (American) (8) (obs) billion (British) 干す<乾す ほす Godan verb with `su' ending (1) to air (2) to dry (3) to desiccate (4) to drain (off) (5) to drink up (6) to deprive of a role, job, etc. (usu. in the passive) 白妙 しろたえ n (1) white cloth (2) white らしい Adjective (i) (1) typical or characteristic of (when following a noun) (2) seems, seems to be, appears like (when following a verb phrase) けらし Unspecified 'seems to have come back' 来る くる vk, vi, aux-v, vk, vi (1) to come (spatially or temporally) (2) to approach (3) to arrive (4) to come back (5) to do ... and come back (6) to come to be (7) to become (8) to get (9) to grow (10) to continue (11) to come from (12) to be caused by (13) to derive from (14) to come to (i.e. "when it comes to spinach ...") 夏 なつ n-adv, n-t summer 過ぎる すぎる v1, vi (1) to pass (2) to go beyond (3) to elapse (4) to exceed 春 はる n-adv, n-t (1) spring (2) springtime (3) new year (4) prime (of one's life, etc.) (5) adolescence (6) puberty (7) sexuality 持統天皇 じとうてんのう Unspecified Empress Jitō (645 ? December 22, 702) was the 41st imperial ruler of Japan. She was the fourth woman to ascend the Chrysanthemum Throne. Her reign spanned the years from 686 through 697. 天智天皇 てんじてんのう Unspecified Emperor Tenji, also known as Emperor Tenchi (626 - January 7, 672) was the 38th emperor of Japan. The years of Emperor Tenji's reign spanned 661 through 672. 濡れる ぬれる v1, vi to get wet 露 つゆ adv, n dew 手 て n (1) hand (2) arm (3) forepaw (4) foreleg (5) handle (6) hand (7) worker (8) help (9) trouble (10) care (11) effort (12) means (13) way (14) trick (15) move (16) technique (17) workmanship (18) hand (19) handwriting (20) kind (21) type (22) sort (23) one's hands (24) one's possession (25) ability to cope (26) hand (of cards) 衣 ころも n (1) clothes (2) garment (3) gown (4) robe (5) coating (e.g. glaze, batter, icing) 我が<我<吾が わが adj-pn (1) my (2) our (3) one's own み suf (1) -ness (nominalizing suffix, esp. of sensory or subjective adjectives) (2) nominalizing suffix indicating location (3) (as ...mi ...mi) alternating between ... and ... 荒い あらい adj-i (1) rough (2) rude (3) wild 苫<篷 とま n woven mat (of sedge, hay, etc.) 仮小屋 かりごや n (1) booth (2) shack (3) hut (4) shed いほ Noun temporary hut (during harvesting) 庵 いおり<あん n (1) hermitage (2) retreat 庵 アン<いおり, いお, あ, い, いほり S11 hermitage, retreat 刈り穂<刈穂 かりほ n (1) harvested grain (2) harvested rice ears 田 た n rice field 秋 あき n-t (1) autumn (2) fall