Verbs 休む やすむ Godan verb with `mu' ending (1) to be absent (2) to rest がんばる Godan verb with `ru' ending to try one's best おす Godan verb with `su' ending (1) to push (2) to press 持つ もつ v5t to hold 出す だす Godan verb with `su' ending (1) to put out (2) to send (3) to submit 作る つくる Godan verb with `ru' ending to make けっこん Adjective (i) marriage 食事 しょくじ n, vs (1) meal (2) to eat 練習 れんしゅう n, vs (1) practice (2) practise 着く つく v5k to reach 始まる はじまる Godan verb with `ru' ending (1) to begin (2) to start 終わる<終る<畢る<竟る おわる Godan verb with `ru' ending (1) to be finished (2) to end 洗う あらう Godan verb with `u' ending to wash かえす Godan verb with `su' ending to return 見せる みせる Ichidan verb to show 浴びる あびる Ichidan verb to shower みがく Godan verb with `ku' ending to brush かける Ichidan verb to make a call 会う あう Godan verb with `u' ending to meet 入れる いれる Ichidan verb to put in とめる Ichidan verb to stop すてる Ichidan verb to throw すう Godan verb with `u' ending to smoke よぶ Godan verb with `bu' ending to call 手伝う てつだう Godan verb with `u' ending to help 忘れる わすれる Ichidan verb to forget 使う つかう Godan verb with `u' ending to use 言う いう<ゆう v5u to say あげる Ichidan verb to raise 答える こたえる v1, vi (1) to answer (2) to reply 質問 しつもん n, vs (1) question (2) inquiry (3) enquiry おぼえる Ichidan verb to remember なくす Godan verb with `su' ending to lose 待つ まつ Godan verb with `tsu' ending to wait 消す けす v5s, vt (1) to erase (2) to delete (3) to cross out (4) to turn off power (5) to extinguish (6) to put out (7) to bump off 点ける つける v1, vt (1) to turn on (2) to switch on (3) to light up 閉める しめる v1, vt (1) to close (2) to shut 開ける<空ける<明ける あける v1, vt, v1, vi (1) to open (a door, etc.) (2) to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package) (3) to open (for business, etc.) (4) to empty (5) to clear out (6) to make space (7) to make room (8) to dawn (9) to grow light (10) to end 取る とる v5r, vt (1) to take (2) to pick up (3) to harvest (4) to earn (5) to choose (6) to steal (7) to eat (8) to have (a meal) (9) to remove (one's glasses, etc.) 撮る とる v5r, vt (1) to take (a photo) (2) to make (a film) 降りる<下りる おりる v1, vi (1) to descend (e.g. a mountain) (2) to go down (3) to come down (4) to alight (e.g. from bus) (5) to get off (6) to disembark (7) to dismount (8) to step down (9) to retire (10) to give up (11) to quit (12) to be granted (13) to be issued (14) to be given (15) to form (of frost, dew, mist, etc.) (16) to be passed (from the body; i.e. of a roundworm) 渡る<亘る<渉る<亙る わたる v5r, vi (1) to cross over (2) to go across (3) to extend (4) to cover (5) to range (6) to span 曲がる<曲る まがる v5r, vi (1) to bend (2) to curve (3) to warp (4) to wind (5) to twist (6) to turn (7) to be awry (8) to be askew (9) to be crooked 通る とおる v5r, vi (1) to pass (by) (2) to go through (3) to walk along (4) to pass exams (5) to attend (e.g. school) 走る<奔る<趨る はしる v5r, vi (1) to run (2) to travel (movement of vehicles) (3) to hurry to (4) to retreat (from battle) (5) to take flight (6) to run away from home (7) to elope (8) to tend heavily toward 歩く あるく v5k, vi to walk 入る<這入る はいる v5r (1) to enter (2) to break into (3) to join (4) to enroll (5) to contain (6) to hold (7) to accommodate (8) to have (an income of) 座る<坐る<据わる<据る すわる v5r, vi (1) to sit (2) to squat (3) to assume (a position) (4) to hold steady (5) to hold still 乗る<載る のる v5r, vi, v5r, v5r, v5r (1) to get on (2) to ride in (3) to board (4) to mount (5) to get up on (6) to spread (paints) (7) to be taken in (8) to share in (9) to join (10) to feel like doing (11) to be mentioned in (12) to be in harmony with (13) to appear (in print) (14) to be recorded (15) to be found in (a dictionary) 置く おく v5k (1) to put (2) to place (3) to leave (behind) (4) to do something in advance (usu. following te-form verb) 出る でる v1, vi (1) to appear (2) to come forth (3) to leave (4) to exit (5) to answer (the phone or door) 立ち たち n stand 為る する vs-i, suf, vs-i, aux-v, vs-i (1) to do (2) to cause to become (3) to make (into) (4) to turn (into) (5) to serve as (6) to act as (7) to work as (8) to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) (9) to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) (10) to be (in a state, condition, etc.) (11) to be worth (12) to cost (13) to pass (of time) (14) verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs") (15) creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go") (16) to be just about to (17) to be just starting to (18) to try to (19) to attempt to 借りる かりる v1, vt (1) to borrow (2) to have a loan (3) to rent (4) to hire 貸す<藉す かす v5s, vt (1) to lend (2) to loan (3) to rent out (4) to hire out 習う ならう v5u, vt to learn 教える<訓える おしえる v1, vt (1) to teach (2) to inform (3) to instruct 買う かう v5u, vt (1) to buy (2) to value (3) to have a high opinion (4) to stir (5) to provoke 話す はなす v5s, vt to speak 見る<観る<視る みる v1, vt (1) to see (2) to look (3) to watch (4) to view (5) to observe (6) to look over (7) to look on (8) to assess (9) to examine (10) to judge (11) to look after (12) to keep an eye on (13) to take care of (14) to view (e.g. flowers, movie) (15) (usu. after the -te form of a verb) to try 書く かく v5k, vt to write 聞く<聴く<訊く きく v5k, vt (1) to hear (2) to listen (e.g. to music) (3) to ask (4) to enquire 読む よむ v5m, vt to read 飲む<呑む<飮む のむ v5m, vt (1) to drink (2) to gulp (3) to swallow (4) to smoke (tobacco) (5) to engulf (6) to overwhelm (7) to keep down (8) to suppress (9) to accept (e.g. demand, condition) (10) to make light of (11) to conceal 食べる たべる v1, vt to eat 帰る<還る<歸る かえる v5r, vi (1) to return (2) to come home (3) to go home (4) to go back (5) (of a guest, customer, etc.) to leave (6) (of a baseball player rounding the bases) to get home 掛かる<懸かる<掛る<懸る かかる Godan verb with `ru' ending to take 行く いく<ゆく Godan verb - Iku/Yuku special class to go 来る くる vk, vi, aux-v, vk, vi to come 勉強 べんきょう n, vs (1) study (2) diligence (3) discount (4) reduction 働く はたらく Godan verb with `ku' ending to work 起きる おきる Ichidan verb to get up 寝る<寐る ねる Ichidan verb to sleep 居る いる Ichidan verb (1) to be (2) to exist (3) to stay 在る<有る ある Godan verb with `ru' ending (1) to be (2) to exist